Off-Broadway

Off-Broadway
For the American rock band, see Off Broadway (band).

Off-Broadway theater is a term for a professional venue in New York City with a seating capacity between 100 and 499, and for a specific production of a play, musical or revue that appears in such a venue, and which adheres to related trade union and other contracts.[1] These theatres are smaller than Broadway theatres.

Contents

History

Originally referring to the location of a venue and its productions on a street intersecting Broadway in Manhattan's Theatre District, the hub of the theater industry in the United States, the term later became defined by the League of Off-Broadway Theatres and Producers as a professional venue in New York City with a seating capacity between 99 and 499, or a specific production that appears in such a venue, and which adheres to related trade union and other contracts.[1]

Previously, regardless of the size of the venue, a theatre was not considered Off Broadway if it was within the "Broadway Box" (the traditional Broadway Theater District, extending from 40th to 54th Street, and from west of Sixth Avenue to east of Eighth Avenue, and including Times Square and 42nd Street). The contractual definition changed this to encompass theaters meeting the standard, with a higher minimum salary requirement for Actors' Equity performers than for Off-Broadway theaters outside the box.[2] Examples of Off-Broadway theatres within the Broadway Box are New World Stages, Little Shubert Theatre and The Snapple Center.

According to Bloom and Vlastnik, the Off-Broadway movement started in the 1950s, as a reaction to the "perceived commercialism of Broadway" and provided an "outlet for a new generation" of creative artists. This "fertile breeding ground, away from the pressures of commercial production and critical brickbats, helped give a leg up to hundreds of future Broadway greats. The first great Off-Broadway musical was the 1954 revival of the Brecht/Weill Threepenny Opera."[3]

A number of Off-Broadway musicals have had subsequent runs on Broadway. These have included musicals such as Hair, Godspell, A Chorus Line, Little Shop of Horrors, Sunday in the Park with George, Rent, Grey Gardens, Urinetown, Avenue Q, The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee, Rock of Ages, In The Heights, Spring Awakening and Next to Normal. Plays that have moved to Broadway include: Doubt, I Am My Own Wife, Bridge & Tunnel and Coastal Disturbances. Other productions, such as Stomp, Blue Man Group, Altar Boyz, Perfect Crime and Naked Boys Singing have run for several years Off Broadway. The Fantasticks, the longest-running musical in theatre history, spent its original 42-year run Off Broadway.[4]

Awards

Off-Broadway shows, performers, and creative staff are eligible for awards from the New York Drama Critics' Circle Award, the Outer Circle Critics Award, the Drama Desk Award, the Obie Award (presented since 1956 by The Village Voice), the Lucille Lortel Award (created in 1985 by the League of Off-Broadway Theatres & Producers), and the Drama League Award. Although Off-Broadway shows are not eligible for Tony Awards, an exception was made in 1956 (before the rules were changed), when Lotte Lenya won for "Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Musical", for the Off-Broadway production of The Threepenny Opera.[5]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b League of Off-Broadway Theatres and Producers Inc. & The Association of Theatrical Press Agents and Managers. "Off-Broadway Minimum Basic Agreement" (PDF). http://www.offbroadway.org/OB_MBA_2001a.pdf. Retrieved 2007-12-14. 
  2. ^ "Actors' Equity". http://www.actorsequity.org/. Retrieved 2008-09-16. 
  3. ^ Bloom, Ken and Vlastnik, Frank. "Off Broadway, Part 1". Broadway Musicals:The 101 Greatest Shows of All Time, Black Dog Publishing, 2008, ISBN 1579123139, p. 94
  4. ^ Off Broadway Website. "Off Broadway Theatre Information". http://offbroadway.com. Retrieved 2007-06-06. 
  5. ^ Threepenny Opera Off Broadway threepennyopera.org

External links

v · d · eOff-Broadway theatres

The American Place Theatre · Arclight Theatre · Astor Place Theatre · Cherry Lane Theatre · Classic Stage Company · Gate Theatre · Gramercy Theatre · Lamb's Theatre · Laurie Beechman Theatre · Little Shubert Theatre · Lortel Archives · Lucille Lortel Theatre · Metropolitan Playhouse · New Theatre · Orpheum Theatre · Peoples Improv Theater · Performing Garage · The Public Theater · Second Stage Theatre · Sheridan Square Playhouse · Snapple Theater Center · Soho Repertory Theater · St. Luke's Theatre · Triad Theater · Union Square Theatre · Village South Theatre · Vineyard Theatre · Westside Theatre · York Theatre

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