- New Zealand supplementary elections
-
The New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 authorised the General Assembly to establish new electoral districts and to alter the boundaries of, or abolish, existing districts whenever this was deemed necessary. The rapid growth of New Zealand's European population in the early years of representative government (particularly in Otago) meant changes to electoral districts were implemented frequently, both at general elections, and on four occasions as supplementary elections within the lifetime of a parliament.
Contents
1859 supplementary election
The Electoral Districts Act 1858[1] established four new electorates; Marsden and Wairarapa in the North Island, and Cheviot and Wallace in the South Island. Elections were held from 7 November to 18 December 1859 during the term of the 2nd New Zealand Parliament and required redrawing of the electoral boundaries of Bay of Islands, Northern Division, Wairarapa and Hawkes Bay (renamed as County of Hawke), Wairau, Christchurch Country and Dunedin Country electorates.
1863 supplementary election
The Representation Act 1862[2] added two new electorates and four additional MPs to Otago Province in the South of the South Island. Gold Fields electorate was overlaid over the entire province, and the electorates of Bruce and City of Dunedin were substantially redrawn, with City of Dunedin disappearing and two new electorates, Dunedin and Suburbs North and Dunedin and Suburbs South replacing it. Elections were held from 28 March to 14 April 1863. All electorates before and after changes returned two members, with each of the previous incumbents in City of Dunedin being assigned an incumbency in one of the Dunedin Suburbs electorates although Thomas Dick resigned before taking up his entitlement in Dunedin and Suburbs North.
1868 supplementary election
The Westland Representation Act 1867[3] introduced changes to the Waimea and Westland electorates. Their areas were reassigned and four electorates formed. Waimea lost some area, but continued to exist. Westland was abolished in 1867. A new electorate Westland Boroughs (comprising the towns of Greymouth and Hokitika) was established, and the Act stipulated that the sitting Westland member, William Sefton Moorhouse, was transferred to it. Other new electorates, Westland North and Westland South held elections from 3–9 April 1868.
1868 Māori election
The Maori Representation Act 1867[4] established four electorates to represent the indigenous Māori population. The European (or General) electorates at the time only enfranchised adult males who were the owners of freehold or leasehold land, and as Māori land was generally communally owned under customary title this put them outside the definitions of the Constitution Act, and unable to register to vote. Elections to the four electorates; Eastern Maori, Northern Maori, Southern Maori and Western Maori were held or or around 15 April 1868.
References
- ^ "Electoral Districts Act 1858". http://www.nzlii.org/nz/legis/hist_act/eda185821a22v1858n55351.
- ^ "Representation Act 1862". http://www.nzlii.org/nz/legis/hist_act/ra186226v1862n11306/.
- ^ "Westland Representation Act 1867". http://www.nzlii.org/nz/legis/hist_act/wra186731v1867n48396/.
- ^ "Maori Representation Act 1867". http://www.nzlii.org/nz/legis/hist_act/mra186731v1867n47357/.
By-elections in New Zealand in the pre-party era (1853–1890) » (1891–1911) »
1st Parliament - Nelson, 1854
- Waimea, 1854
- City of Auckland, 1854
2nd Parliament - Motueka & Massacre Bay, 1856
- Christchurch Country, 1856
- Grey and Bell, 1856
- Christchurch, 1856
- Hutt, 1856
- Auckland, 1858
- Pensioner Settlements, 1858
- Southern Division, 1858
- Grey and Bell, 1858
- Waimea, 1858
- Wairau, 1858
- Town of Lyttelton, 1858
- Akaroa, 1858
- Dunedin Country, 1858
- Wairarapa and Hawkes Bay, 1858
- Wellington, 1858
- Wellington Country, 1858
- Hutt, 1858
- Dunedin, 1859
Supplementary elections, 1859 2nd Parliament (continued) - Waimea, 1859
- Christchurch, 1860
- Suburbs of Auckland, 1860
- Dunedin Country, 1860
- Christchurch Country, 1860
- Auckland, 1860
- Omata, 1860
- County of Hawke, 1860
- Northern Division, 1860
- Grey and Bell, 1860
3rd Parliament - Grey and Bell, 1861
- Suburbs of Nelson, 1861
- Napier, 1861
- Wanganui, 1861
- Dunedin, 1862
- New Plymouth, 1862
- Ellesmere, 1862
- Avon, 1862
- Heathcote, 1862
- Auckland West, 1862
- Hampden, 1862
Supplementary elections, 1863 - Dunedin and Suburbs North
- Gold Fields
3rd Parliament (continued) - Dunedin and Suburbs South, 1863
- Hampden, 1863
- Kaiapoi, 1863
- Dunedin and Suburbs North, 1863
- New Plymouth, 1863
- Heathcote, 1863
- Akaroa, 1863
- Franklin, 1864
- New Plymouth, 1864
- Waimea, 1864
- Bruce, 1865
- Raglan, 1865
- Parnell, 1865
- New Plymouth, 1865
- Gold Fields, 1865
- Rangitiki, 1865
- Omata, 1865
- Wairarapa, 1865
4th Parliament - Mount Herbert, 1866
- Port Chalmers, 1866
- Dunedin, 1867
- City of Christchurch, 1867
- Avon, 1867
- Manuherikia, 1867
- Wanganui, 1867
- New Plymouth, 1867
- Auckland West, 1867
- Raglan, 1867
- Parnell, 1867
- Port Chalmers, 1867
- Waimea, 1867
- Lyttelton, 1867
- Kaiapoi, 1867
- Picton, 1867
- Pensioner Settlements, 1867
- Ashley, 1867
- Collingwood, 1868
Supplementary elections, 1868 - Westland North
- Westland South
First Māori elections 4th Parliament (continued) - Avon, 1868
- Picton, 1868
- Rangitiki, 1868
- Franklin, 1868
- Waikouaiti, 1868
- Lyttelton, 1868
- Timaru, 1868
- Nelson, 1868
- Marsden, 1869
- Roslyn, 1869
- Dunedin, 1869
- Newton, 1869
- Waikouaiti, 1869
- New Plymouth, 1869
- Wallace, 1869
- Oamaru, 1869
- Taieri, 1869
- Bruce, 1870
- Mongonui, 1870
- Caversham, 1870
- Parnell, 1870
- Riverton, 1870
- City of Christchurch, 1870
5th Parliament - Auckland West, 1871
- Roslyn, 1871
- Wairau, 1872
- Waikato, 1872
- Wakatipu, 1872
- Rodney, 1872
- Nelson, 1872
- Waikouaiti, 1872
- Coleridge, 1872
- Heathcote, 1872
- Caversham, 1872
- Egmont 1872
- Suburbs of Nelson, 1873
- Lyttelton, 1873
- Invercargill, 1873
- Waikouaiti, 1873
- Mongonui and Bay of Islands, 1873
- Wakatipu, 1873
- Collingwood, 1873
- Franklin, 1874
- Akaroa, 1874
- Dunedin, 1874
- Waitemata, 1874
- Waitemata,1874
- Kaiapoi, 1875
- Auckland West, 1875
- Rangitikei, 1875
- Waikouaiti, 1875
- Wairau, 1875
- Wallace, 1875
- Caversham, 1875
6th Parliament - Auckland West, 1876
- Wanganui, 1876
- Napier, 1877
- Wellington, 1877
- Totara, 1877
- City of Auckland West, 1877
- Wairarapa, 1877
- Wellington, 1878
- Timaru, 1878
- Port Chalmers, 1878
- Franklin, 1878
- Cheviot, 1878
- Grey Valley, 1878
- Hokitika, 1878
- Dunedin, 1878
- Taieri, 1878
- Invercargill, 1878
- Waipa, 1878
- Roslyn, 1878
- Gladstone, 1879
- Mataura, 1879
- Nelson, 1879
- Auckland West, 1879
- Coleridge, 1879
- Hutt, 1879
- Eastern Maori, 1879
- Southern Maori, 1879
- Dunedin, 1879
7th Parliament - Rangitikei, 1880
- Waitaki, 1880
- Waikaia, 1880
- Suburbs of Nelson, 1881
- Southern Maori, 1881
- Nelson, 1881
- Grey Valley, 1881
8th Parliament - Franklin North, 1882
- Wakanui, 1882
- Stanmore, 1882
- Peninsula, 1883
- Selwyn, 1883
- Inangahua, 1883
- Bruce, 1883
- Selwyn, 1884
- Thorndon, 1884
- Kaiapoi, 1884
- East Coast, 1884
9th Parliament - Oamaru, 1885
- Tauranga, 1885
- Waimea, 1885
- Southern Maori, 1885
- Wakanui, 1885
- Bruce, 1885
- Sydenham, 1886
- Dunedin Central, 1886
- Waitemata, 1886
- Western Maori, 1886
- Heathcote, 1887
- Port Chalmers, 1887
- Te Aro, 1887
- Northern Maori, 1887
- Avon, 1887
10th Parliament - Ashley, 1888
- Lincoln, 1889
- Nelson, 1889
- Christchurch North, 1889
- Oamaru, 1889
- Waipa, 1889
- East Coast, 1889
- Timaru, 1890
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.