NK Olimpija Ljubljana (1911–2004)

NK Olimpija Ljubljana (19112004)
Olimpija Ljubljana
Logo
Full name Nogometni klub Olimpija Ljubljana
Nickname(s) Zmaji (the Dragons) Zeleno-beli (Green-Whites)
Founded 9 May 1911 (as SK Ilirija)
Dissolved 2004[1][2][3][4][5]
Ground Stadion Bežigrad
(Capacity: 8,211)
Home colours
Away colours

NK Olimpija Ljubljana was a Slovenian association football club based in Ljubljana. The club had traced its origin back to 1911 when it was originally founded as SK Ilirija. It had gone through a series of mergers in the first half of the 20th century before adopting the name Olimpija in 1962. Throughout its history Olimpija was regarded as one of the most successful clubs in Slovenian football until its dissolution in 2004,[1][2][3][4] when the club, with a debt consisting of over 700 million Slovenian tolars (around three million euros in 2004 exchange rate), filed for bankruptcy and was dissolved by the end of year.[2][3][5]

Since the early 1920s Olimpija had competed in the Yugoslav football system and between the late 1960s and late 1980s Olimpija was a regular member of the Yugoslav First League. Following Slovenia's independence in 1991 they won 4 Slovenian Championships and 4 Slovenian Cup titles, and they had also appeared in European competitions such as the UEFA Champions League, UEFA Cup, UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and UEFA Intertoto Cup.[6]

A successor club which claims rights to Olimpija's honours and records was established in 2005 (originally called NK Bežigrad) and they currently compete in the Slovenian top flight bearing the name Olimpija Ljubljana.[7][8] However, in spite of inheriting old Olimpija's supporters and colours, they are not legally considered to be successors to the original Olimpija and the two clubs' track records and honours are kept separate by the Football Association of Slovenia and the Association of 1. SNL.[1][8][9][10]

Contents

History

SK Ilirija (19111941)

SK Ilirija squad which won the first Slovenian championship in 1920.

In the beginning of the 20th century football came to Ljubljana from Vienna, and was played mostly by the students. Football club Ilirija, predecessor of Olimpija, was founded on 9 May 1911 in a pub called Roža on Židovska cesta in Ljubljana. Albin Kandare was elected as the first president of Ilirija, and their first ground was at Tivoli Park.[11] Ilirija's first match was played on 1 January 1912, and ended in a 180 defeat against Hermes, the local students' club which had been founded in 1910.[11] Soon after their first match Ilirija merged with Hermes in 1913. In the first few years Ilirija had no competition in Slovenia and they mainly played friendly matches against Zagreb-based Croatian clubs such as HAŠK, Građanski and Concordia.[11] An important turning point was a friendly with the Czech side Slavia Prague in Ljubljana played on 5 August 1913 which Ilirija lost 100. However, Ilirija's players and staff were impressed by Slavia's display of professionally trained football so much that they convinced Slavia's player Jirkovski to stay in Ljubljana and work as Ilirija's first manager after the match.[11] The best and most popular players of Ilirija of that time were Stanko Tavčar, Ernest Turk, Stanko Pelan and Oto Oman.[11]

At the onset of World War I, Ilirija and Slovan (founded in 1913 and still active today) were the only two football clubs in Slovenia, and during the war all football activities were suspended. In 1919 Ilirija was re-activated, and was soon followed by Slovan.[11] Football rapidly gained popularity and a number of other Slovenian clubs came into life around the same time such as Olimp in Celje, 1. SSK Maribor in Maribor and ASK Primorje in Ljubljana, with the latter becoming Ilirija's biggest rivals in the following decade.[11]

Ilirija then became the first regional champions of Slovenia (which was at the time part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia), winning the inaugural Slovenian championship in 1920, and proceeded to win a total of 12 Slovenian titles between 1920 and 1935.[11] By the mid 1930s both Ilirija and Primorje encountered financial difficulties which led to their merger and the formation of SK Ljubljana football club in 1936.[11] Between 1936 and 1941 SK Ljubljana was one of the top sides in Slovenia (winning the 193536 and 194041 Slovenian championships) and also competed in the Yugoslav First League, Kingdom of Yugoslavia's top national competition formed in 1923. In addition, Ilirija's Stanko Tavčar was the only Slovenian player who was capped for the Kingdom of Yugoslavia national football team in the period between the two world wars.[12] He was member of their 1920 Olympics squad and appeared in matches against Czechoslovakia and Egypt, the first two games in the history of the team.[12] SK Ljubljana operated until 1941 and the outbreak of World War II, when all sports activities in Ljubljana were suspended.[11]

Yugoslav years (19451991)

In 1945 players of the former SK Ljubljana joined the merger of the newly founded ŠD Tabor and ŠD Udarnik sports clubs, and formed a club called NK Enotnost. Three years later the club was renamed NK Odred and in 1953 Odred was promoted to the Yugoslav First League, but were relegated at the end of their first top flight season. In 1961 the club was briefly renamed NK Triglav, and in half-season they changed it again to ANK Olimpija (Academic Football Club Olimpija). Club colors in those times were black and white. Olimpija spent most of the 1950s and early 1960s playing in the Yugoslav Second League and it was in this period that a local rivalry had developed with NK Maribor. In the 196465 season Olimpija won promotion to the Yugoslav First League. This time their top flight spell was much more successful as Olimpija had managed to stay there for 19 consecutive seasons.

The closest Olimpija came to winning a major trophy in this period was their appearance in the 1970 Yugoslav Cup final, which Olimpija lost to Red Star Belgrade 32, through Dragan Džajić's late winner in the dying moments of the match. However, this meant that Olimpija had qualified for the first round of the 197071 European Cup Winners' Cup, in which they were beaten by Benfica 92 on aggregate. They had also qualified for the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup twice in the late 1960s, and were knocked out in the first round on both occasions, at the hands of Ferencváros in 196667 and Hibernian in 196869. Their top level spell lasted intil the 198384 season, when a string of bad performances brought Olimpija back to the Yugoslav Second League.

Upon relegation, the club continued to struggle and were relegated down to Third League in the following season. Down in third level, Olimpija opened the 198586 season poorly, but the club finally stabilised during the season and managed to end the season in third place. In the 198687 season Olimpija bounced back and won promotion back to the Second League, after an impressive season which included 20 wins and 6 draws, a 644 goal difference and not a single league defeat. Years of good results have sparked a great deal of interest from the supporters, and in 1988 the official supporters' association called Green Dragons was founded. Olimpija's string of good performances continued and in the 198889 season they won the league and returned to top flight for the 198990 season, after a six-year absence. Supported by the Green Dragons, Olimpija enjoyed a decent season and finished 8th. However, the club's best players were then signed by bigger clubs and Olimpija struggled again in the 199091 season, finishing 14th.

Slovenian league and decline (19912004)

Soon after the end of the 199091 season Slovenian clubs had decided to abandon Yugoslav competitions due to Slovenian independence and the breakup of Yugoslavia and Olimpija agreed to join the newly formed Slovenian First League. The first 199192 season of the new league involved 21 Slovenian clubs which had mostly competed in lower tiers of the Yugoslav football league system until 1991. Due to the lower quality of football and the exhausting 40-round season, average attendance at Olimpija's matches had dropped from 7,380 in 198990 to just 1,075 in 199192.[11] After finishing the first half of the season in second place with 3 points behind NK Maribor, Olimpija had a string of good results after the winter break and ended the season with 11 consecutive wins which brought them their first Slovenian First League title.[11] The squad which won Olimpija's first Slovenian silverware that year included a number of Slovenia internationals (such as Robert Englaro, Aleš Čeh, Dejan Djuranovič and Sandi Valentinčič) and was coached by Lučjo Pertič.[11]

Through their first Slovenian title Olimpija qualified for the 199293 UEFA Champions League where they were knocked out in the first round by Italian giants Milan. Olimpija continued to dominate Slovenian football and went on to win the next three championships. In the 199596 season Olimpija failed to clinch the title for the first time and finished runners-up behind Gorica. However, they won the Slovenian Football Cup that season, which secured them a spot in the 199697 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup. In it, Olimpija managed to beat Bulgaria's Levski Sofia and Denmark's AGF before getting knocked out by the Greek side AEK Athens in the round of 16. Nevertheless, this proved to be the best European result in the history of the club.

In the late 1990s Olimpija fared poorly in the national championship, always finishing the season in mid-table, before winning the 19992000 Slovenian Cup (their first silverware in four years) and finishing league runners-up in the 200001 season. After a period of financial struggle in the late 1990s, Jurij Schollmayer, a businessman who owned a chain of hardware stores, became the club's president in a move which was seen as a guarantee of Olimpija's financial stability. Backed by Schollmayer, the club went on to sign several notable players such as Miran Pavlin, Mladen Rudonja and Robert Prosinečki, and appointed Branko Oblak as manager. These high-profile signings were touted as part of the club's long-term strategy to transform Olimpija into a dominating force in Slovenian football. The following season Olimpija only managed to finish 3rd in the championship, but won the 200203 Slovenian Cup, which earned them a spot in the 200304 UEFA Cup.

In preparation for their 200304 European fixtures, the club signed Sebastjan Cimirotič, another experienced Slovenian international. Coached by Suad Beširević, Olimpija managed to beat Irish side Shelbourne in the qualifying round 42 on aggregate,[13] and was then paired with England's Liverpool in the first round of the tournament. Although Olimpija took the lead through captain Anton Žlogar's goal, the first leg at Bežigrad ended in a 11 draw as Michael Owen scored an eqaliser 12 minutes from time.[14] Olimpija's last European season was then cut short as they were soundly beaten 30 through goals by Anthony Le Tallec, Emile Heskey and Harry Kewell in the away leg at Anfield.[15]

Olimpija had a string of mixed results for the remainder of the season, getting knocked out in the round of 16 of the 200304 Slovenian Cup and finishing runners-up in the 200304 Slovenian PrvaLiga. However, most sponsors (including Schollmayer) decided to abandon the club at the end of the season which led to serious financial difficulties for the club. Following Schollmayer's exit, Olimpija were forced to sell almost all of their players. Although the club had started competing in the 200405 championship, the club had struggled on the pitch and failed to obtain competition licences issued by the Football Association of Slovenia, which led to its dissolution.[1][2][3][4] Eventually the club, with a debt consisting of over 700 million Slovenian tolars (around three million euros in 2004 exchange rate) filed for bankruptcy and was dissolved by the end of 2004.[2][3][5] However, the football association had allowed the club to finish the season and, after finishing 6th in the national championship, Olimpija effectively ceased all operations.

Name changes

  • SK Ilirija (19111936; merged with NK Hermes in 1912)
  • SK Ljubljana (19361941; founded as a merger of Ilirija and their city rivals ASK Primorje in 1936 and operated until the outbreak of World War II)
  • NK Enotnost (19451948; founded as a merger of the newly established ŠD Tabor and ŠD Udarnik sports clubs and joined by former SK Ljubljana players)
  • NK Odred (19481961)
  • NK Triglav (19611962)
  • NK Olimpija (19622004)

Club culture

First kit (1911)

Olimpija had changed their colours several times in its history. The original NK Ilirija played in a red and white kit, with a badge consisting of a red downward-facing five-pointed star, which symbolized hope and spirit during bad times. The club's colours later changed to black and white, until finally adopting green and white as their colours in 1969, as these are the colours of the city of Ljubljana. Home kit was always all green, while the away kit featured white and green stripes.

The dragon in the club's badge is a reference to the story of the Quest for the Golden Fleece and the Greek mythological hero Jason, who has, according to legend, founded the city of Ljubljana. The idea of using a mythological creature was interpreted as a nod to the academic roots of the club. The dragon is also the symbol of the city of Ljubljana and is depicted on Ljubljana's coat of arms as sitting on top of the Ljubljana Castle.

Throughout its history, Olimpija was always the most popular club in the city of Ljubljana, as well as western and southern parts of Slovenia. The club's biggest fan group called Green Dragons was formed in 1988. Green Dragons are still active as they continued to support NK Bežigrad following Olimpija's dissolution and are one of two major supporters' groups in the country, along with the Violets (Viole), who support NK Maribor. Green Dragons are also known to support other Ljubljana-based sports clubs and often show up at basketball games of KK Union Olimpija and ice-hockey matches of HDD Olimpija Ljubljana. Their slogan is "One life, one love, Olimpija Ljubljana" (Slovene: Eno življenje, ena ljubezen, Olimpija Ljubljana).

Honours

Olimpija Ljubljana had won 4 Slovenian Championships, 4 Slovenian Cups and 1 Slovenian Supercup in the period between the country's independence from Yugoslavia in 1991 until the club's dissolution in 2004. Although the club had spent 22 seasons in top flight during the SFR Yugoslavia period (19451991), the club never won any silverware and the closest they came to winning a major domestic trophy was reaching the 1970 Yugoslav Cup final. Further back in history, the club's predecessors NK Ilirija, ASK Primorje and SK Ljubljana had won a combined total of 14 Slovenian regional titles in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia period (19181941). From 1923 to 1940 these regional competitions also served as qualifying tournaments for the nationwide Yugoslav First League and Olimpija's predecessors had participated in 10 seasons of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia national championship, without ever winning it.[16]

Internationally Olimpija had appeared in the UEFA Cup six times, in the UEFA Champions League twice, in the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup twice and in the UEFA Intertoto Cup once,[6] in addition to two appearances in the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup.[17] Their best result in European football was reaching the round of 16 in the 199697 Cup Winners' Cup. In the following table defunct competitions are indicated in italics.

Honours No. Years
League
Slovenian First League Champions 4 199192, 199293, 199394, 199495
Slovenian First League Runners-up 3 199596, 200001, 200304
Slovenian Regional Championship Winners 14 1920, 192021, 192122, 192223, 192324, 192425, 192526, 192627, 192930, 193132, 193334, 193435, 193536, 194041
Domestic cups
Slovenian Cup Winners 4 1993, 1996, 2000, 2003
Slovenian Cup Runners-up 3 1992, 1999, 2001
Slovenian Supercup Winners 1 1995
Slovenian Supercup Runners-up 1 1996
Yugoslav Cup Runners-up 1 1970
Best European results
UEFA Champions League Round of 32 1 199293
UEFA Cup Winners' Cup Round of 16 1 199697

Domestic record

Yugoslav First League (19531991)

00Season00 League Cup European competitions Top league goalscorer
Division P W D L F A Pts Pos Player Goals
195354 Div 1 26 4 4 18 39 71 12 13th QF
196566 Div 1 30 11 7 12 43 47 29 8th
196667 Div 1 30 9 5 16 33 47 23 14th Inter-Cities Fairs Cup R1
196768 Div 1 30 9 9 12 33 46 27 11th
196869 Div 1 34 11 11 12 32 41 33 12th R16 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup R1
196970 Div 1 34 13 4 17 43 52 27 16th RU
197071 Div 1 34 13 10 11 47 35 36 7th R16 Cup Winners' Cup R1
197172 Div 1 34 13 5 16 46 51 31 9th SF
197273 Div 1 34 9 8 17 35 43 26 16th
197374 Div 1 34 11 10 13 36 42 32 10th Danilo Popivoda 17
197475 Div 1 34 7 17 10 37 48 31 12th Danilo Popivoda 10
197576 Div 1 34 10 10 14 37 44 30 14th Vili Ameršek
Goran Jurišić
10
197677 Div 1 34 10 12 12 36 42 32 12th Tone Rožič 9
197778 Div 1 34 13 6 15 44 44 32 10th Milan Ćalasan
Tone Rožič
8
197879 Div 1 34 11 7 16 34 53 29 16th Mehmed Buza
Milan Ćalasan
8
197980 Div 1 34 11 8 15 30 45 30 15th Vili Ameršek 7
198081 Div 1 34 8 16 10 29 33 32 12th Vili Ameršek
Tone Rožič
6
198182 Div 1 34 9 15 10 39 38 33 9th Vili Ameršek 12
198283 Div 1 34 11 13 10 33 31 35 7th R2 Vili Ameršek 6
198384 Div 1 34 10 8 16 29 40 28 17th R1 Srečko Katanec 6

Slovenian First League (19912005)

00Season00 League Cup European competitions Top league goalscorer
Division P W D L F A Pts Pos Player Goals
199192 1. SNL 40 30 6 4 102 18 66 1st RU Zoran Ubavič 29
199293 1. SNL 34 22 8 4 94 20 52 1st W Champions League R1 Zoran Ubavič
Samir Zulič
23
199394 1. SNL 30 23 5 2 95 20 51 1st SF Champions League QR Nedeljko Topić 17
199495 1. SNL 30 20 4 6 78 30 44 1st QF UEFA Cup R1
199596 1. SNL 36 19 7 10 79 39 64 2nd W UEFA Cup R1 Ermin Šiljak 28
199697 1. SNL 36 11 12 13 53 51 45 4th SF Cup Winners' Cup R2
199798 1. SNL 36 13 12 11 59 55 51 5th QF Ismet Ekmečić 21
199899 1. SNL 33 12 8 13 54 50 44 6th RU Intertoto Cup R1
19992000 1. SNL 33 14 4 15 64 58 46 7th W UEFA Cup R1 Marko Kmetec 16
200001 1. SNL 33 18 6 9 73 46 60 2nd RU UEFA Cup R1 Sebastjan Cimirotič 19
200102 1. SNL 33 15 6 12 39 42 51 4th R1 UEFA Cup R1 Senad Tiganj
Anton Žlogar
12
200203 1. SNL 31 14 12 5 54 32 54 3rd W Marko Kmetec 23
200304 1. SNL 32 16 7 9 59 39 55 2nd R2 UEFA Cup R1 Marko Kmetec 16
200405 1. SNL 32 10 7 15 34 52 37 6th QF
Key
League: P = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; Pts = Points won; Pos = Final position;
Cup / Europe: PR = Preliminary round; QR = Qualifying round; R1 = First round; R2 = Second round; Group = Group stage; QF = Quarter-final; SF = Semi-final; RU = Runner-up; W = Competition won;

European record

Summary

(This summary includes matches played in the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup, which was not endorsed by UEFA and is not counted in UEFA's official European statistics.)

Competition Pld W D L GF GA Last season played
UEFA Champions League 6 3 0 3 6 8 199394
UEFA Cup 24 10 6 8 34 34 200304
UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 8 1 3 4 4 17 199697
UEFA Intertoto Cup 2 0 1 1 3 5 1998
Inter-Cities Fairs Cup 4 0 1 3 4 11 196869
Total 44 14 11 19 51 75

Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; GF = Goals for; GA = Goals against

By season

(Olimpija score always listed first.)

Season Competition Round Opponent Home Away Agg.
196667 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup R1 Hungary Ferencváros 33 03 36
196869 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup R1 Scotland Hibernian 03 12 15
197071 Cup Winners' Cup R1 Portugal Benfica 11 18 29
199293 Champions League QR Estonia Norma Tallinn 30 20 50
R1 Italy Milan 03 04 07
199394 Champions League QR Latvia Skonto 01 10 11 (p)
199495 UEFA Cup QR Bulgaria Levski Sofia 32 21 53
R1 Germany Eintracht Frankfurt 11 02 13
199596 UEFA Cup QR Greece Apollon Smyrnis 31 01 32
R1 Netherlands Roda 20 05 25
199697 Cup Winners' Cup QR Bulgaria Levski Sofia 10 01 11 (p)
R1 Denmark AGF 00 11 11 (a)
R2 Greece AEK Athens 02 04 06
199899 Intertoto Cup R1 Republic of Macedonia Makedonija GP 11 24 35
19992000 UEFA Cup QR Lithuania Kareda Šiauliai 11 22 33 (a)
R1 Belgium Anderlecht 03 13 16
200001 UEFA Cup QR Moldova Sheriff Tiraspol 30 00 30
R1 Spain Espanyol 21 02 23
200102 UEFA Cup QR Azerbaijan Shafa Baku 40 30 70
R1 Denmark Brøndby 24 00 24
200304 UEFA Cup QR Republic of Ireland Shelbourne 10 32 42
R1 England Liverpool 11 03 14

Player records

  • Most appearances in UEFA club competitions: 12 appearancesNihad Pejković[6]
  • Top scorer in UEFA club competitions: 7 goalsKliton Bozgo[6]

Notable players

The following Olimpija players have been capped at full international level. Years in brackets indicate their spells at the club.

   

Managerial history

  • Slovenia Lučjo Pertič
  • Slovenia Branko Oblak (20022003)
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina Suad Beširević (20032004)
   

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Competitions". Football Association of Slovenia. http://www.football.si/Competitions. Retrieved 23 June 2010. 
  2. ^ a b c d e Bohemians FC (13 July 2011). "Preview: Olimpija Ljubljana v Bohemians". Bohemians.ie. http://www.bohemians.ie/news/4-club-news/1292-preview-olympija-ljubljana-v-bohemians.html. Retrieved 14 July 2011. 
  3. ^ a b c d e Aaron Rogan (13 July 2011). "Bohemians v Olimpija Ljubjana Preview". SportsNewsIreland.com. http://www.sportsnewsireland.com/soccer_irish/39203/. Retrieved 14 July 2011. 
  4. ^ a b c "Simič: "Stefanović pošilja grožnje!"" (in Slovene). zurnal24.si. http://www.zurnal24.si/nogomet/simic-stefanovic-posilja-groznje-ivan-simic-nzs-spins-dejan-stefanovic-odgovor-191033/clanek. Retrieved 6 February 2011. 
  5. ^ a b c Marjan Horvat (7 June 2011). "Kukavičjih sto let" (in Slovene). Večer. http://web.vecer.com/portali/vecer/v1/default.asp?kaj=3&id=2011060705652861. Retrieved 8 June 2011. 
  6. ^ a b c d "UEFA.com - Olimpija Ljubljana". UEFA. http://www.uefa.com/teamsandplayers/teams/club=53081/profile/index.html. Retrieved 23 June 2010. 
  7. ^ "NK Olimpija Ljubljana - Zgodovina" (in Slovene). nkolimpija.si. http://www.nkolimpija.si/zgodovina. Retrieved 6 February 2011. 
  8. ^ a b "Klubi -> Ljubljana" (in Slovene). Football Association of Slovenia. http://www.nzs.si/nzs/predstavitev-nzs/klubi. Retrieved 7 February 2011. 
  9. ^ "SNL Statistika: Vse sezone" (in Slovene). prvaliga.si. http://www.prvaliga.si/Tekmovanja/Statistika/default.asp?id_menu=28&idsa=1. Retrieved 6 February 2011. 
  10. ^ "PrvaLiga: NK Olimpija" (in Slovene). prvaliga.si. http://www.prvaliga.si/klubi/?id=832&id_menu=111. Retrieved 6 February 2011. 
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Zgodovina kluba" (in Slovene). NK Olimpija Ljubljana. http://www.nkolimpija.com/?page=club&id=3#1991. Retrieved 24 June 2010. 
  12. ^ a b "Tavčar Stanko" (in Serbian). Serbia national football team official website. http://www.reprezentacija.rs/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1578&Itemid=40. Retrieved 24 June 2010. 
  13. ^ "Olimpija too strong for Shelbourne on UEFA.COM". UEFA. 28 August 2003. http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/matches/season=2003/round=1717/match=71362/postmatch/report/index.html. Retrieved 24 June 2010. 
  14. ^ "Owen strike rescues Liverpool on UEFA.COM". UEFA. 24 September 2003. http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/matches/season=2003/round=1718/match=73517/postmatch/report/index.html. Retrieved 24 June 2010. 
  15. ^ "Liverpool stroll through on UEFA.COM". UEFA. 15 October 2003. http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/newsid=119309.html. Retrieved 24 June 2010. 
  16. ^ Kramarsic, Igor (6 June 2008). "Yugoslavia - All-Time Table 1927-1940". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. http://www.rsssf.com/tablesj/joegalltime1.html. Retrieved 23 June 2010. 
  17. ^ Miladinovich, Misha (16 December 1999). "Yugoslav teams in Eurocups". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. http://www.rsssf.com/tablesj/joeg-ec.html. Retrieved 23 June 2010. 

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