Toyota Crown

Toyota Crown

Infobox Automobile generation


name = Toyota Crown
manufacturer = Toyota
production = 1955-present
assembly = Toyota City, Nagoya
predecessor =
successor =
class = Full-size sedan, wagon
platform = S-series
body_style = Sedan (1955–current)
4 door hardtop (1974–1999)
2 door hardtop coupe (1967–1983)
Wagon (1962–2007)
Pick-up (1967–1971)
engine =
transmission =
length =
width =
height =
weight =
wheelbase =
aka =
fuel_economy =
fuel_capacity=
related = Toyota Aristo
similar = Nissan Cedric/Gloria
designer =

The Toyota Crown is a line of full-size luxury sedans by Toyota. The range was primarily available in Japan and some other Asian countries, although it was also sold in the United States during the late 1950s and up until 1971. Exports to Europe began in 1964 with the first cars going to Finland. Other European countries which saw imports of the Crown included the Netherlands and Belgium. The United Kingdom was another market until the early 1980s. It was also exported to Canada for a few years—1965–68. In many markets the Crown was very expensive and was replaced by the Cressida when that model became available for export in the early 1980s.

Australia was another important export market for the Crown—to the extent that it was manufactured there from the mid-1960s until the late 1980s using many local components.

Most models of the car are distinguishable by a front "Crown" badge, but the common Toyota badge is usually used on the rear.

The Crown has existed in some form since after the war and Toyota uses the "Crown" name as inspiration for their primary sedans, the Corolla which is Latin for "small crown", the Camry a phonetic transcription of the Japanese word kanmuri that means crown, and the Corona which is also Latin for crown.

Toyota Crown Majesta

The Toyota Crown Majesta is a car related to the toyota crown but is bigger, more luxurious and has larger engine. It is similar to the Lexus LS and has many expensive electronic feautures. The Toyota Crown Majesta has been produced since 1991.

First (RS Model-S30 Model: 1955 to 1962)

Infobox Automobile generation
name = First generation (RS series)


production = 1955–1962
body_style = 4-door sedan
4-door station wagon
2-door station wagon
engine = 1.5L (1453cc) R (1955-1960)
1.9L (1897cc) 3R (1961-1962)
transmission =
wheelbase = Auto mm|2530
length = Auto mm|4285
width = Auto mm|1679
height = Auto mm|1524
weight = Auto kg|1152

The first model was launched in 1955 [ [http://www.facm.net/eng/col_10.htm "Toyopet Crownthe car which laid the foundation of today's prosperity"] ] with the same 1.5 L Type R engine used on their previous car, the Toyopet Super. Its coil and double wishbone independent front suspension was a departure from the leaf sprung live axle front suspension used on most previous models but was similar to the independent front suspension used on the 1947 Toyopet SA. The live axle rear suspension was similar to that used on most of the previous models (unlike the trailing arm rear suspension used on the SA). Taxi versions were produced and commercial versions of the vehicle were also available as an estate wagon and a 3 or 6 seater coupe utility.

The Crown was designed to replace the Super but Toyota was not sure if its independent front coil suspension and its suicide type rear doors were too radical for the taxi market to bear. So the Super was updated, renamed the Master and sold alongside the Crown. When sales of the Crown proved worthwhile, the Master was discontinued in November 1956 and production facilities for the Master were transferred to the Crown."Toyota: A history of the First 50 Years", Toyota Motor Corporation, 1988, ISBN 0-517-61777-3, p133/135/137]

The initial RS model received a cosmetic update in 1958 to become the RS20. In 1961 the 1.5 L R engine was replaced with the similar 1.9 L (1896cc) 3R engine to become the RS30.

The commercial models (utilities, wagons and vans) were known as the Master Line. The body panels were altered slightly in style as well as function but were otherwise the same as the rest of the Crown range.

Exports of the first Japanese car to the United States began in 1957 [ [http://money.cnn.com/galleries/2007/autos/0710/gallery.toyota_history//index.html "50 years of Toyota in the U.S.", CNN] ] and ended in 1960. The reception of the car were horrible. As a publicity stunt to demonstrate the car's reliability, Toyota did what many American automakers had done earlier; they staged a coast-to-coast endurance run from Los Angeles to New York. As things turned out, the Toyopet was barely able to limp into Las Vegas before the the project had to be called off. Since the car was designed for the muddy, slow, unpaved Japanese roads, it failed the mass urban landscape of the US because of its inability to keep up with traffic on the faster intestate highways [ [http://www.greatcarstv.com/news/50th-anniversary-of-toyota-in-the-usa.html] ] . Unknown to Toyota, they just designed a very high quality sedan on a truck like chassis. The overbuilt heavy body was no match for the 4-cylinder. To try and remedy this, a newer more powerful engine was expected to be the solution, but the improvement were only minor. In 1960 the Crown stopped being imported to the US market. Many unhappy dealers were left with large amounts of stock. The Toyota Tiara and Toyota Land Cruiser would up be the only cars imported until the second generation Crown was available five years later. This is the car that gave Americans a bad image of Japanese built products.

econd (S40 Model: 1962 to 1967)

Infobox Automobile generation
name = Second Generation


production = 1962-1967
body_style = 4-door sedan
4-door station wagon
2-door coupe utility
engine = 1.9 L I4 OHV 3R 2.0 L I6 SOHC M
transmission = 3 speed manual column
wheelbase = Auto mm|2690
length = Auto mm|4610 Auto mm|4688 wagon
width = Auto mm|1695 Auto mm|1470 wagon
height = Auto mm|1460
weight = Auto kg|1265 Auto kg|1354 wagon
fuel_capacity=Convert|13.2|usgal|L impgal|1 | fuel_capacity=Convert|12.7|usgal|L impgal|1 wagon

Launched in 1962, this model introduced the Custom model. A bigger and better car than the one it replaced it initially had four-cylinder engines before the addition of the "M" six-cylinder engine in 1965. Deluxe and Super Deluxe models were available with added features. The sedan and wagon were known simply as the Crown while the commercial vehicles (pick-up, double cab pick-up and van) were known as the Masterline.

Crown Eight

Infobox Automobile generation
name = Crown Eight
production = 4.1964-7.1967
body_style = 4-door sedan
engine = 2.6L V8 OHV V
transmission = 3 speed automatic column
wheelbase = Auto mm|2530
length = Auto mm|4720
width = Auto mm|1845
height = Auto mm|1460
weight = Auto kg|1375
fuel_capacity=Convert|13.2|usgal|L impgal|1

The longer, wider and more upmarket Crown Eight was introduced in 1964 for the Japanese market, powered by a 2.6 L V8 engine. However, it had a different model designation, VG10. The Crown Eight was designed primarily to replace full-sized American automobiles that were commonly used by major corporations. The Crown represents the first Japanese mass produced 8 cylinder engine. The main rivals at the time was the Prince Gloria Super and Nissan Cedric Special both of them contain a 6 cylinder engine.. This car was replaced in 1967 by the first Century with the model code VG20. Approx 3,800 Crown Eights were produced.

Third (S50 Model: 1967 to 1971)

Infobox Automobile generation
name = Third Generation


production = 1967-1971
body_style = 4-door sedan
4-door station wagon
2-door coupe
2-door coupe utility
engine = 2.3L 2M (2253 cc) SOHC
transmission = 2-speed automatic 3-speed manual 4-speed manual
wheelbase = Auto mm|2690
length = Auto mm|4665 sedan Auto mm|4689
width = Auto mm|1690
height = Auto mm|1445 sedan auto mm|1465 wagon
weight = Auto kg|1305 sedan
fuel_capacity=Convert|13.2|usgal|L impgal|1 sedan Convert|15.9|usgal|L impgal|1 wagon

Launched in 1967, the mechanicals were much the same as the previous generation, but additional equipment was included. Higher specification models used the 2.0 litre M engine or the 2.3 litre 2M engine. The range included the 4-door station wagon, pick-up (rare), double cab pick-up (very rare) and the new 2-door hardtop. In 1969 the Crown received a face lift for the headlight, grill and trim arrangement.

Notable features on the wagon were:
* 7 or 8 passenger seating (2 on front buckets or 3 on a bench seat, 3 on a rear bench seat and 2 on a fold up cargo seat),
* a powered rear window,
* a side swing tailgate.

Fourth (S60 & S70 Models: 1971 to 1974)

Infobox Automobile generation
name = Fourth Generation


production = 1971-1974
body_style = 4-door sedan
4-door station wagon
2-door coupe
transmission = 3-speed automatic 5-speed manual
wheelbase = Auto mm|2690
length = Auto mm|4680
width = Auto mm|1690
height = Auto mm|1420
weight = Auto kg|1360

Launched in 1971, the 4M 2600 engine was introduced with this generation, as was the luxurious Super Saloon trim level. Electronic fuel injection became available on both the new 4M engine as well as the 2 litre M which continued.

The Sedan and Wagon are coded MS60/MS65 and MS62/MS63. The Hardtop Coupe is MS70 (2.0 liter), or MS75 (2.6 liter). This generation was the first Crown marketed as Toyota in Japan, as previous models were Toyopet. Also, in Japan, this model was known as the "whale" or "kujira" Crown. Domestic market Hardtop has rectangular headlights, all export models come with twin round headlights. This model sold very badly in the US, only the first 2 years were exported. This is the last Crown sold in the USA. The Corona Mark II, replaced the Crown in the US market.

Fifth (S80 & S100 Models: 1974-1979)

Launched in 1974 in Japan, export began from 1975. Offered as 4 door Sedan, 2 door Hardtop Coupe, 4 door Hardtop Sedan, Wagon, and Van. Engines are 2.0 and 2.6 liter gasoline, or 2.2 liter diesel. Trim levels are Standard, Deluxe, Super Saloon, and Royal Saloon. Minor change was given in 1978.

The pillarless Hardtop Sedan model has a front chrome grill and square headlights.

ixth (S110 Model: 1979 to 1983)

Launched in 1979, this model had the engine upgraded to the 2.6 L to 2.8 L 5M-EU model. The 2 litre M was still on offer along with a turbo charged version—the M-TEU. In this series the model designation referred to the engine size—MS110 (2 litre), MS111 (2.6 litre), MS112 (2.8 litre). Early models have twin rectangular headlights, facelift models come with bigger monoblock headlights. Domestic market Royal Saloons use the large rectangular headlights. Lower grades Van and Taxi adopt round headlights. Royal Saloon features longer bumpers. The first Crown Turbo was launched in October 1980 for Japanese market only. This generation is the last for 2 door Hardtop Coupe.And has the old school,dials as well, as on the later versions of 1979.

eventh (S120 Model: 1983 to 1987)

Infobox Automobile generation
name = Seventh Generation
production = 1983-1987


body_style = 4-door sedan 4-door hardtop 4-door station wagon
wheelbase = Auto mm|2720
length = Auto mm|4860
width = Auto mm|1720
height = Auto mm|1420
weight = Auto kg|1495

Launched in 1983. The model used 5M-GE 2800 cc double overhead cam (DOHC), 1G-GE 2000 cc DOHC, M-TE 2000 cc single overhead cam (SOHC) Turbo, M-E 2000 cc SOHC, 2L-TE 2400 cc SOHC Turbo Diesel or 2L 2400 cc SOHC Diesel engines. Base versions use the new 2 litre 1G-E engine which replaced the old 2 litre version of the M series. The "van" version of the station wagon (the GS126V as well as the GS136V in the following series) used its own unique variant of this motor (the 1G-EJ).

Eighth (S130 Model: 1987 to 1991)

Infobox Automobile generation
name = Eighth Generation
production = 1987-1991 (hardtop) 1987-1995 (sedan) 1987-1999 (wagon)


body_style = 4-door sedan 4-door hardtop 4-door station wagon
transmission = 4-sped manual 4-speed automatic 5-speed manual
wheelbase = Auto mm|2730
length = Auto mm|4860
width = Auto mm|1745
height = Auto mm|1400
weight = Auto kg|1670
Launched in 1987. Body style: Sedan, Hardtop, and Wagon, included the commercial Van. The model used 7M-GE 3000 cc DOHC, 1G-GZE 2000 cc DOHC Super Charger, 1G-E 2000 cc DOHC, 2L-THE 2400 cc SOHC Turbo Diesel Hi Power (AT Use), 2L-TE 2400 cc SOHC Turbo Diesel (MT Use) or 2L 2400 cc SOHC Diesel engines. The 4.0 liter 1UZ-FE, the same engine as in Lexus LS400, was only for Royal Saloon G. Although a totally different chassis and body, the S130 shares styling cues with the MX83 Cressida.

Ninth (S130 Facelift and S140 Models: 1991 to 1995)

Infobox Automobile generation
name = Ninth Generation
production = 1991-1995


body_style = 4-door hardtop
engine =2.0L 1G-FE L6 2.4L 2L-TE L4 2.5L 1JZ-GE L6 3.0L 2JZ-GE
transmission =4-speed automatic 5-speed automatic
wheelbase = Auto mm|2730
length = Auto mm|4800
width = Auto mm|1750
height = Auto mm|1440
weight = Auto kg|1620
related = Toyota Crown Majesta

The Crown Hardtop and all-new Crown Majesta models were built on the 140-series platform. The rebodied Crown Sedan and Wagon still carried S130 model codes, although the exterior is rounder, and the nose is similar to S140 Hardtop.

Trim levels for Sedan are Standard, Deluxe, Super Deluxe, Super Saloon, Royal Saloon, and Royal Saloon G. Engine choices were 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 liter gasoline, and 2.4 liter diesel. The 4.0 liter was offered for Royal Saloon G and Majesta.

The Standard Sedan for Taxi and base model Wagon feature round headlights and chrome bumpers. The taxi is powered by 2.4 liter diesel engine matched to 4 speed column-mounted manual transmission.

Tenth (S150 Model: 1995-1999)

Infobox Automobile


name = Tenth generation
manufacturer = Toyota
production = Toyota City, Nagoya
class = Full-size car
platform = S-series
body_style = 4-door sedan
4-door hardtop
engine = 2.0L 1G-FE L6 2.0L 1G-GPE L6 2.4L 2L-TE L4 2.5L 1JZ-GE 3.0L 2JZ-GE L6 4.0L 1UZ-FE V8
transmission = 4-speed automatic 5-speed manual 5-speed automatic
length = 4820 mm
width = 1760 mm
height = 1425 mm
weight =
wheelbase = 2780 mm
fuel_economy =
related =
similar =
The 150-series Crown were built as Sedan and Hardtop (frameless door window) only. This was the first Crown to not use separate chassis construction. The Wagon retained the old and uninspired Japanese Lexus (130 series) model until 1999. Trim levels for Hardtop are Royal Extra, Royal Saloon, Royal Saloon G, and the sporty Royal Touring. 4WD is offered for Royal Extra and Royal Saloon. Engine is either 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 liter 6-cylinder, or 4.0 liter V8.

Crown Comfort (LXS10 & YXS10 Models: 1995 - current)

The Crown Comfort, designed for taxi use only, has smaller exterior dimensions but a roomier and taller interior than the Crown Royal series. To reduce unnecessary cost and weight and increase interior space, the more luxurious dashboard and fitments (including leather seats) of the Crown Royal were replaced with less bulky all-plastic versions.

The Comfort is powered by either the 3C diesel engine or LPG. The Japanese model has fender mirrors and an automatic (driver-activated) rear door. The Crown Comfort is the most popular taxicab in Japan, Hong Kong, and Singapore, but is gradually falling out of favour as better-appointed vehicles become available at competitive cost.

The new Crown Sedan for the Japanese market only is based on the Comfort, but has wider tail lights and longer bumpers.

Eleventh (S170 Model: 1999 to 2003)

Infobox Automobile


name = Eleventh generation
manufacturer = Toyota
production = Toyota City, Nagoya
class = Full-size car, wagon
platform = S-series
body_style = Sedan
Wagon
engine = 2.0L 1G-FE L6 2.5L 1JZ-FSE L6 2.5L 1JZ-GE 3.0L 2JZ-FSE L6 3.0L 2JZ-GE L6
2.5L 1JZ-GTE L6 4.0L 1UZ-FE V8
transmission = 4-speed automatic 5-speed automatic
length = 4820 mm
width = 1765 mm
height = 1465 mm
weight =
wheelbase = 2780 mm
fuel_economy =
related =
similar = Nissan Cedric/Gloria

The 170-series features shorter front overhang therefore maximizes interior and trunk space. There are three different 170-series 4-door Saloon, Royal, Majesta, and Athlete. The 4-door Hardtop was discontinued. The 170-series Estate was the first new Crown Wagon after the 130-series. Engine is either 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, or 4.0 liter. The Athlete V has 2.5 liter 1JZ-GTE turbo. The Royal was also offered with 3.0 liter 2JZ-FSE Mild Hybrid.

Twelfth (S180 Model: 2003 to 2008)

Infobox Automobile


name = Twelfth generation
manufacturer = Toyota
production = Toyota City, Nagoya
class = Full-size car
platform = S-series
body_style = Sedan
Wagon
engine = 2.5L 4GR-FSE V6
3.0L 3GR-FSE V6
3.5L 2GR-FSE V6
4.3L 3UZ-FE V8
transmission = 5-speed automatic 6-speed automatic
length = 4840 mm
width = 1780 mm
height = 1470 mm
weight =
wheelbase = 2850 mm
fuel_economy = 12 km/L (2.5L)
11.8 km/L (3.0L)
related =
similar =

The S180 model of the Crown was based on the Zero Crown concept car. The engine was changed to a V6 for the new Royal and Athlete models, while the Majesta used the V8 only, now in 4.3 litre form with 4WD optional. The new engines gave more performance while also giving better fuel economy.Issue Jan 2004, Car and Driver HK]

Compared with the previous model, this model was increased by 70 mm in the wheelbase and 15 mm in body width. These changes gave it the largest interior size among its contemporaries, more than the Mercedes-Benz E-Class or BMW 5-series.x]

The S170 series Crown Estate was continued alongside the S180 sedans. It continued using the older inline 6-cylinder engines.

Thirteenth (S200 Model: 2008 to present)

Infobox Automobile


name = Thirteenth generation
manufacturer = Toyota
production = Toyota City, Nagoya
class = Full-size car
platform = S-series
body_style = Sedan
engine = 2.5L 4GR-FSE V6
3.0L 3GR-FSE V6
3.5L 2GR-FSE V6
transmission = 6 speed automatic
length = 4870 mm
width = 1795 mm
height = 1470 mm
weight =
wheelbase = 2850 mm
fuel_economy =
related =
similar =

Crown hybrid concept was exhibited at 2007 Tokyo Motor Show.The New Toyota Crown is available in 3 different trim levels. The Crown 'Royal Series' which is a more comfortable and luxurious car. The Crown 'athlete' series which takes the luxurious aspect of the royal series but has more aggressive styling and sporty features, and the Crown 'Hybrid' series which is a trim level designated for the Hybrid engine of the crown. The Toyota Crown is one of the first vehicles to have a 3 dimensional Satellite navigation system and boasts many features that have not been developed by other luxury car makers. The Toyota crown is set to rival the European BMW 5 series, Mercedes E-class, Audi A6 and the Japanese Honda Legend & Nissan Fuga.

Models in the Crown lineup

*Crown Comfort
*Crown Sedan
*Crown Majesta
*Crown Royal Saloon
*Crown Estate
*Crown Athlete

Timeline

References

External links

;Toyota Crown Lineup (written in Japanese)
* [http://toyota.jp/Showroom/All_toyota_lineup/CrownSedan Crown Sedan]
* [http://toyota.jp/Showroom/All_toyota_lineup/crowncomfort/index.html Crown Comfort]
* [http://toyota.jp/Showroom/All_toyota_lineup/crownroyal Crown Royal]
* [http://toyota.jp/Showroom/All_toyota_lineup/crownathlete Crown Athlete]
* [http://toyota.jp/Showroom/All_toyota_lineup/crownmajesta Crown Majesta]
* [http://toyota.jp/Showroom/All_toyota_lineup/CrownEstate Crown Estate]


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