Mishmar HaYarden (moshava)

Mishmar HaYarden was a moshava (Jewish settlement) that was established in the Upper Galilee in northern Israel during the First Aliyah. It was destroyed during the Israeli War of Independence in 1948. It's Hebrew name meant Guardian of the Jordan.

The moshava was located on the road connecting Safed with Damascus (today Highway 91) west of the Bnot Ya'akov Bridge. It was first founded in 1884 as a private farm named "Shoshanat HaYarden" (Rose of the Jordan) by Mordecai Isaac Lubowsky. After he realized that he could not succeed alone to maintain the isolated farm, he sold a portion to Jews, who settled the land with financial support from Hovevei Zion. They established the moshava "Mishmar HaYarden" in September 1890. In 1898 the moshava expanded to include the moshava of Hevrat Yaka, which added land and inhabitants. Most inhabitants supported the revisionist views of Zev Jabotinsky.

During the Israeli War of Independence, on 6 June 1948, the Syrian army attacked the settlement, but the attack was repulsed. On 10 June, the settlement was attacked again, but the moshava was captured and destroyed after house to house fighting; fourteen residents and defenders of the moshava were killed. A small number of survivors fell captive to the Syrians and remained as prisoners of war for thirteen months. At the end of the war, on 20 July 1949, the area returned to control of Israel as part of the cease-fire to end the war, but the moshava was not rebuilt. Kibbutz Gadot was later built on its land and the workers' moshav Mishmar HaYarden was established.

The story of the fall of Mishmar HaYarden is disputed between Irgun and the Haganah. Irgun and descendants of community residents claim that the arrival of the 23rd unit from the Karmeli Brigade, which was intended to strengthen the defense of the settlement, was stopped by the Oded Brigade of the IDF which was responsible for the region because the moshava identified with the revisionist movement. It is also alleged that Haganah forces stopped the Irgun soldiers in Rosh Pina and stopped them from arriving to help the moshava. On the other side, people from the Oded Brigade claim that the Karmeli Brigade failed to reach the moshava in time because it crossed from the western Galilee front and did not manage to reorganize in its new location.

Some of the destroyed houses in the moshava are visible today. They form part of a memorial on the location.

References

• This article was translated from the Hebrew Wikipedia on 10 March 2008.

Further reading

• אברהם יערי, זכרונות ארץ ישראל - כרך ב', פרק ס"א, ייסוד המושבה משמר הירדן, דוד ב. שוב, 1890-1891

External links

• ‏סיור באתר ההנצחה למשמר הירדן
• המעבר מ"שושנת הירדן" ל"משמר הירדן", גאלת הקרקע בגליל, אתר משפחת עבו
• הצלת משמר הירדן מפקיד הברון המושחת בשנת 1903, גאלת הקרקע בגליל, אתר משפחת עבו

Coordinates: 33°0′10.47″N 35°35′59.38″E / 33.0029083°N 35.5998278°E / 33.0029083; 35.5998278