Military Way (Hadrian's Wall)

For the Military Way associated with the Antonine Wall, see Antonine Wall.

The Military Way is a modern name given to the Roman road constructed immediately to the south of Hadrian's Wall. It should not be confused with the nearby Military Road.

Establishment

Evidence has shown that the road was constructed before abandonment of the turrets in the second century (linking roads between the Military Way and some turrets have been identified). The existence of the Stanegate suggests that it was not included in the original plan, and therefore it is likely to have been constructed soon after the reoccupation of Hadrian's Wall following the abandonment of the Antonine Wall in 162AD.^[1]

Characteristics

As with most Roman roads, the Military Way was constructed from large stones, and surfaced with gravel. It was usually around 6 metres (20 ft) wide with a camber of up to 46 centimetres (18 in). John Collingwood Bruce suggested that it was not intended for use by wheeled vehicles, and this is backed up by a survey of wall miles 40/41, where severe gradients up to 25% (33% in short stretches) were recorded.^[1]

Spurs have been identified linking the Military Way to some milecastles, for example Milecastle 9.

Some milestones have been found along the road (taking columnar form). These indicate that in the 3rd Century, distances were numbered westwards from Dere Street.^[1]

Course

The Military Way runs along the top of the north mound of the Vallum in many places, and elsewhere runs between the Vallum and the curtain wall.^[1] At the river crossings at Chesters Bridge and Willowford Bridge, the bridges were widened in the early 3rd century to take the road, as opposed to the walkway as was previously the case.^[2]

Present day

The course of the Military Way is still very much evident and walkable between Sewing Shields (near Turret 45A) and Walltown Quarry (near Milecastle 35). A public right of way follows the Military Way from Milking Gap (near Milecastle 38) to Walltown Quarry.

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d} Breeze, David J (1934), Handbook to the Roman Wall (14th Revised edition - Nov 2006), Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne, pp. 89, ISBN 0901082651 
2. ^ David J Breeze and Brian Dobson (1976). Hadrian's Wall. Penguin Archaeology. pp. 128. ISBN 0140135499.