Kaunaoa Bay

Kaunaʻoa Bay has one of the few white sand beaches of the Kohala Coast, the western side of the island of Hawaiʻi. A historic hotel is located on the bay, which has given it the name Mauna Kea Beach.

Description

Mauna Kea Beach

The bay is accessed via Mauna Kea Beach Drive, just west of state Route 19, Hawaii Belt Road, at 20°0′16″N 155°49′30″W / 20.00444°N 155.825°W / 20.00444; -155.825Coordinates: 20°0′16″N 155°49′30″W / 20.00444°N 155.825°W / 20.00444; -155.825, about 2.6 miles (4.2 km) south of Kawaihae, Hawaii.^[1] A part of the Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail can be hiked north to Samuel M. Spencer Beach Park or south to Hapuna Beach State Recreation Area. Although public restrooms and showers are available, a limited number of parking passes are available at the resort gate.^[2] The beach was named "America's Best Beach" in 2000 by Florida International University professor Stephen Leatherman.^[3]

History

The land above the bay is part of the Parker Ranch. In 1960 the area was a remote, barren, hot lava field unsuitable for cattle grazing. William F. Quinn, the governor of the new state of Hawaii, invited Laurance Rockefeller to visit the islands as part of a study for a federal commission that Rockefeller chaired. After visiting the ranch, Rockefeller was taken for a swim in the bay. Plans for a resort began in January 1961. The state agreed to pave the Hawaii Belt Road (called the Queen Kaʻahumanu highway for this section) to the site and build a new Kona International Airport. Rockefeller bought the land of the nearby Puʻukoholā Heiau and donated it for a National Historic Park. Original plans were to use architect John Carl Warnecke and build a series of small cottages, but those plans were abandoned. Instead firm Skidmore, Owings and Merrill was hired to use a modern style.^[4]

The open-air design allowed natural ventilation from the trade winds, although rooms had air conditioning available. The hotel finally opened in July 1965, one of the most expensive at the time. Hotels with similar designs would be built along the Kohala coast over the next decades.^[4] Ranch owner Richard Smart negotiated a long term lease of the land.^[5] The hotel was named Mauna Kea Beach Hotel for the mountain Mauna Kea which is visible above the bay when not obscured by clouds.^[6]

Before development hawksbill turtles nested on the beach. In 1973 a lawsuit was filed to allow public access to the beach. An agreement was finally reached after seven years of litigation. A small number of parking spaces were made available starting in 1981, and trails opened up along the shoreline.^[7]

The bay was only a few miles from the 2006 Hawaii earthquake which damaged the hotel.^[8] The hotel reopened in early 2009.^[6]

References

1. ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Kauna‘oa Bay
2. ^ "South Kohala map 2". Shoreline access. on official Hawaiʻi County web site. http://www.co.hawaii.hi.us/planning/spa/south_kohala/map2.html. Retrieved 2010-03-30. 
3. ^ Stephen P. Leatherman. "America's Best Beaches". DrBeach.Org web site. http://www.drbeach.org/drbeach. Retrieved 2010-04-02. ^{[dead link]}
4. ^ ^{a b} Don Hibbard; Augie Salbosa (2006). "Where God Left Off: The Diamond Tiara of Laurance Rockefeller and a Polynesian Village". Designing paradise: the allure of the Hawaiian resort. Princeton Architectural Press. pp. 101–112. ISBN 9781568985749. http://books.google.com/books?id=REJB-dhBLQsC&pg=PA101. 
5. ^ "Richard Paler Smart: Founder". Parker Ranch Foundation Trust. http://prft.org/index.php/prft/RICHARD_PALMER_SMART. Retrieved 2010-04-02. 
6. ^ ^{a b} Chelsea Jensen (March 29, 2009). "Grande dame back in all her glitter". West Hawaii Today. http://www.westhawaiitoday.com/articles/2009/03/29/local/local01.txt. Retrieved 2010-04-02. 
7. ^ John R. K. Clark (1985). "(76) Kaunaʻoa". Beaches of the Big Island. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 134–135. ISBN 978-0824809768. http://books.google.com/books?id=ligZzOytgK4C. 
8. ^ "Magnitude 6.7 - Hawaii region, Hawaii". USGS. 2006-10-15. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqinthenews/2006/ustwbh. Retrieved 2010-04-05.