- Marteilia
-
Marteilia Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Rhizaria Phylum: Cercozoa Class: Stellatosporea Order: Occlusosporidae Family: Marteiliidae Genus: Marteilia
Grizel, Comps, Bonami, Cousserans, Duthoit & Le Pennec, 1974 [1][2]Species include Marteilia maurini
Marteilia refringens
Marteilia sydneyiMarteilia is a genus of Rhizaria. Species include Marteilia sydneyi and Marteilia refringens.[3]
Marteilia refringens is a unicellular parasite affecting the digestive system of the flat oyster, Ostrea edulis. Other species that can be infected include the Australian mud oyster (O. angasi), the Argentinean oyster (O. puelchana), the Chilean flat oyster (O. chilensis), the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) and the Mediterranean mussel (M. galloprovincialis). Early stages of the life cycle occur in the epithelia of the digestive ducts and possibly the gills of the host. Later the parasite migrates to the epithelial cells of the digestive tubules. There may be no symptoms of infection. The factors triggering a pathogenic response are unclear but may be related to environmental stress. The gross signs of marteiliosis include the visceral tissues losing their pigmentation and becoming pale yellow. In some cases the mantle become translucent and shell growth may cease. Affected shellfish can become emaciated and in heavy infections tissues appear shrunken and slimy. Mortality seems to be related to the sporulation of the parasite.[4] The parasite was first observed in France in 1979 and has since spread to other countries in Europe.[5]
Marteilia sydneyi is a parasite of the Sydney rock oyster (Saccostrea glomerata) and causes QX disease. The parasite may be present without any signs being apparent. The gross signs of infection include colourless and translucent tissues because of resorption of the gonad and a pale yellow-brown digestive gland. The body may appear shrunken and in poor condition. Infections are found in the Asia Pacific regions and have been reported from Australia.[6]
References
- ^ Grizel H, Comps M, Bonami J, Cousserans F., Duthoit J, Le Pennec M (1974). "Recherche sur l'agent de la maladie de la glande digestive de Ostrea edulis Linné". Science et Pêche 240: 7–30. http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/6286/. In French
- ^ Victor Sprague (1979). "Classification of the Haplosporidia" (PDF). Marine Fisheries Review 41: 40–44. http://spo.nmfs.noaa.gov/mfr411-2/mfr411-28.pdf.
- ^ Carrasco N, López-Flores I, Alcaraz M, Furones MD, Berthe FC, Arzul I (October 2007). "Dynamics of the parasite Marteilia refringens (Paramyxea) in Mytilus galloprovincialis and zooplankton populations in Alfacs Bay (Catalonia, Spain)". Parasitology 134 (Pt 11): 1541–50. doi:10.1017/S0031182007003009. PMID 17623489.
- ^ "Marteiliosis". The Scottish Fish Health Inspectorate. http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/marine/Fish-Shellfish/18610/diseases/notifiableDisease/Marteiliosis.
- ^ "Shellfish diseases- Marteilia refringens". International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). http://www.ices.dk/marineworld/fishdiseases/map8_6.htm.
- ^ "Infection with marteilia sydneyi". Aquatic Animal Diseases Significant to Asia–Pacific Identification Field Guide. Commonwealth of Australia, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Forestry. http://library.enaca.org/Health/FieldGuide/html/mp040mar.htm.
Rhizaria Cercozoa FilosaImbricateaEuglyphida: Cyphoderiidae · Euglyphidae · Paulinellidae · Trinematidae · Thaumatomonadida: ThaumatomastigidaeThecofiloseaSpongomonadeaSpongomonas, RhipidodendronCercomonadidae · Heteromitidae · SainouridaeReticulofilosaProteomyxideaGymnophryidae · Heliomorphidae · Desmothoracida · GymnosphaeridaChlorarachnion, Gymnochlora, Lotharella, Cryptochlora, BigelowiellaEndomyxaPhytomyxea, Vampyrellidae, Pseudospora, Ascetosporea: Paramyxea · Haplosporidia, Gromiidae, ReticulosidaRetaria 
This protist-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
