Marengo Order of Battle

Marengo Order of Battle

Battle of Marengo - Order of Battle
The Battle of Marengo was fought on June 14, 1800 between the French army of First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte and an Austrian army led by General Michael von Melas. After bitter fighting throughout the morning and early afternoon, the Austrians forced the French army to retreat. However, French reinforcements arrived later in the afternoon and won the battle for Bonaparte.

Contents

French Army

First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte[1]

Jean Lannes commanded a small corps.
Jean Lannes
  • Corps: General of Division Jean Lannes
    • Division: General of Division François Watrin (6648)
      • 6th Light Demi-Brigade (1408)
      • 22nd Line Demi-Brigade (1527)
      • 40th Line Demi-Brigade (2136)
    • Advance Guard: General of Brigade Joseph Mainoni
      • 28th Line Demi-Brigade (1577)
    • Attached units:
      • 5th Dragoons (142)
      • 6 guns
Claude Victor led a 2-division corps.
Claude Victor
  • Corps: General of Division Claude Perrin Victor
    • Division: General of Division Gaspard Amédée Gardanne (3178)
      • 44th Line Demi-Brigade (2248)
      • 101st Line Demi-Brigade (930)
      • 2 guns
    • Division: General of Division Jacques-Antoine de Chambarlhac de Laubespin (6564)
      • 24th Light Demi-Brigade (2171)
      • 43rd Line Demi-Brigade (2326)
      • 96th Line Demi-Brigade (2067)
      • 5 guns
    • Attached units:
      • 3rd Cavalry (262)
Bust of Louis Desaix from his death mask.
Louis Desaix
  • Corps: General of Division Louis Charles Antoine Desaix de Veygoux
    • Division: General of Division Jean-Charles Monnier (3983)
      • 19th Light Demi-Brigade (673)
      • 70th Line Demi-Brigade (1410)
      • 72nd Line Demi-Brigade (1900)
      • 4 guns
    • Division: General of Division Jean Boudet (4856)
      • 9th Light Demi-Brigade (1833)
      • 30th Line Demi-Brigade (1200)
      • 59th Line Demi-Brigade (1823)
      • 8 guns
      • 1st Hussars (120)
      • 1st Cavalry (123)
Joachim Murat commanded the cavalry reserve.
Joachim Murat
  • Cavalry Reserve: General of Division Joachim Murat
    • Brigade: General of Brigade Bernard Duvignau (1227)
      • 6th Dragoons (393)
      • 8th Dragoons (443)
      • 12th Horse Chasseurs (391)
    • Brigade: General of Brigade François Etienne de Kellermann (449)
      • 2nd Cavalry (258)
      • 20th Cavalry (191)
    • Brigade: General of Brigade Pierre Champeaux (399)
      • 9th Dragoons (150)
      • 15th Horse Chasseurs (249)
    • Brigade: General of Brigade Jean Rivaud (700)
      • 12th Hussars (340)
      • 21st Horse Chasseurs (360)
Auguste Marmont led the artillery.
Auguste Marmont
  • Army reserve units:
    • Engineers (269)
    • Reserve Artillery: General of Brigade Auguste Marmont
      • 5 guns
    • Consular Guard Infantry: (800)
      • Foot Grenadiers
      • Foot Chasseurs
    • Consular Guard Cavalry: Colonel Jean-Baptiste Bessières (360)
      • Horse Grenadiers
      • Horse Chasseurs
    • Consular Guard Artillery: 3 guns

Key

  • Chasseurs = light infantry or light cavalry
  • Cavalry = Heavy cavalry regiments

Austrian Army

General of Cavalry Michael von Melas[2][3]

  • Attached units:
    • 92 artillery pieces
Johann Frimont led the army advance guard.
Johann Frimont
    • Advance Guard: Oberst Johann Maria Philipp Frimont (832)
      • Mariassy Jägers (164)
      • Bach Light bn # 4 (277)
      • Am Ende Light bn # 3 (291)
      • Pioneers (100)
      • Kaiser Dragoons # 1 (272 in 2 sqns)
      • Bussy Horse Jägers (186 in 2 sqns)
      • Cavalry battery
  • Right Wing: Feldmarschall-Leutnant Andreas O'Reilly von Ballinlough (2997)
    • Brigade: General-Major Franz Rousseau
      • Banater Grenz IR # 4 (533)
      • Warasdiner-Kreutzer Grenz IR # 5 (755)
      • Oguliner Grenz IR # 3 (602)
      • Ottocaner Grenz IR # 2 (298)
      • Mariassy Jägers (40)
      • Nauendorf Hussar Regiment # 8 (426 in 3 sqns)
      • Hussar Regiment # 5 (230 in 2 sqns)
      • Württemberg Dragoon Regiment # 8 (113 in 1 sqn)
      • Cavalry battery
Michael von Melas led the Austrian army.
Michael von Melas

Center: Melas

  • Division: Feldmarschall-Leutnant Karl Joseph Hadik von Futak (5039)
    • Brigade: General-Major Giovanni Pilati
      • Karaczay Dragoon Regiment # 4 (1053 in 6 sqns)
      • Kaiser Dragoon Regiment # 1 (309 in 3 sqns)
    • Brigade: General-Major Friedrich Joseph Anton von Bellegarde
      • Johann Jellacic IR # 53 (613 in 1 bn)
      • Archduke Anton IR # 52 (855 in 2 bns)
    • Brigade: General-Major Franz Xaver Saint-Julien
      • Michael Wallis IR # 11 (2209 in 3 bns)
  • Division: Feldmarschall-Leutnant Konrad Valentin von Kaim (4939)
    • Brigade: General-Major Auguste de Briey
      • Franz Kinsky IR # 47 (1640 in 2 bns)
    • Brigade: General-Major Vincenz Knesevich
      • Tuscany IR # 23 (2188 in 3 bns)
    • Brigade: General-Major Ludwig Wolf de la Marselle
      • Archduke Josef IR # 63 (1111 in 3 bns)
  • Division: Feldmarschall-Leutnant Ferdinand Johann von Morzin (4756)
    • Attached units: Pioneers (400)
    • Brigade: General-Major Christoph von Latterman (2116)
    • Brigade: General-Major Karl Philippi von Weidenfeld (2240)
      • It is not known which battalions belonged to which brigade.[4]
      • Paar Grenadier bn
      • Pers Grenadier bn
      • Sciaffinati Grenadier bn
      • Weber Grenadier bn
      • Czerwenka Grenadier bn
      • Pertusy Grenadier bn
      • Piret Grenadier bn
      • Khevenhüller Grenadier bn
      • Gorschen Grenadier bn
      • Weissenwolf Grenadier bn
      • Saint-Julien Grenadier bn
  • Division: Feldmarschall-Leutnant Anton von Elsnitz (4214)
    • Brigade: General-Major Johann Nobili
      • Archduke Johann Dragoon Regiment # 3 (859 in 6 sqns)
      • Liechtenstein Dragoon Regiment # 9 (1014 in 6 sqns)
    • Brigade: General-Major Josef Nimptsch (detached to south, not engaged)
      • Hussar Regiment # 7 (1353 in 8 sqns)
      • Erdödy Hussar Regiment # 9 (988 in 6 sqns)

Left Wing: Feldmarschall-Leutnant Peter Karl Ott von Bátorkéz (7602)

  • Advance Guard: General-Major Friedrich Heinrich von Gottesheim (811)
    • Frölich IR # 28 (523 in 1 bn)
    • Mariassy Jägers (40)
    • Lobkowitz Dragoon Regiment # 10 (248 in 2 sqns)
  • Division: Feldmarschall-Leutnant Ludwig von Vogelsang (2194)
    • Brigade: General-Major Josef Ulm
      • Stuart IR # 18 (1282 in 3 bns)
      • Hohenlohe IR # 17 (912 in 2 bns)
  • Division: Feldmarschall-Leutnant Joseph von Schellenberg (4597)
    • Brigade: General-Major Anton Retz
      • Frölich IR # 28 (1046 in 2 bns)
      • Joseph Mittrowsky IR # 40 (835 in 3 bns)
      • Pioneers (100)
    • Brigade: General-Major Franz Sticker
      • Splenyi IR # 51 (737 in 2 bns)
      • Josef Colloredo IR # 57 (1369 in 3 bns)
      • Lobkowitz Dragoon Regiment # 10 (492 in 4 sqns)

Key

  • IR = Infantry Regiment
  • bn, bns = infantry battalion(s)
  • sqn, sqns = cavalry squadron(s)
  • Jägers = Light infantry
  • Grenz = Borderers

References

  • Arnold, James R. Marengo & Hohenlinden. Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK: Pen & Sword, 2005. ISBN 1-84415-279-0
  • Smith, Digby. The Napoleonic Wars Data Book. London: Greenhill, 1998. ISBN 1-85367-276-9

Footnotes

  1. ^ Arnold, p 270-271. Arnold gives the OOB for both sides.
  2. ^ Arnold, p 272-273.
  3. ^ Smith, p 186-187. Smith supplies the Austrian grenadier battalion names and regiment numbers.
  4. ^ Smith, p 187

External references


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