Khardung La

Infobox Mountain Pass
Name = Khardung La Pass
Photo = KhardungLa3.jpg
Caption = Khardung La
Elevation = 5,359 m (17,582 feet sic)
Location = IND
Range = Himalaya
Coordinates = coord|34|16|44|N|77|36|17|E|type:pass|display=inline,title
Topographic

Traversed by =

Khardung La ("la" means "pass" in Tibetan) (elevation 5359 m) is a high mountain pass located in the Ladakh region, Jammu and Kashmir, India. The international spelling is used here, but it is locally spelt "Khardong La".

The pass on the Ladakh Range lies north of Leh and is the gateway to the Shyok and Nubra valleys. The Siachen Glacier lies partway up the latter valley. Built in 1976, it was opened to motor vehicles in 1988 and has since seen many automobile, motorbike and mountain biking expeditions. Maintained by the Indian Army's Corps, the pass is strategically important to India as it is used to carry essential supplies to the Siachen. Khardong La is historically important as it lies on the major caravan route from Leh to Kashgar in Chinese Central Asia. About 10,000 horses and camels used to take the route annually, and a small population of Bactrian camels can still be seen in the area north of the pass, mute witnesses to history. During World War II there was a futile attempt to transfer war material to China through this route.

Khardung La is situated 37 km by road from Leh. The first 24 km, as far as the South Pullu check point, are paved. From there to the North Pullu check point about 15 km beyond the pass the roadway is primarily loose rock, dirt, and occasional rivulets of snow melt. However, this pass is in better repair than many of the surrounding passes (Tanglang La, for example). From North Pullu into the Nubra Valley, the road is very well maintained (except in a very few places where washouts or falling rock occur). Hired vehicles (2 and 4-wheel-drive), heavy trucks, and motorcycles regularly travel into the Nubra Valley, though special permits may need to be arranged for travellers to make the journey.

Elevation

The 5,359 m elevation given above is from a modern GPS survey by a team of researchers. It accurately matches SRTM data and Russian topographic mapping, and it is broadly consistent with several other independent travellers' GPS reports ( [http://www.telefonica.net/web2/pedalsalcel/resultatsangles2005.html] , [http://www.bootsnall.org/datw/archives/cat_26india_journals.shtml] , [http://www.horizonsunlimited.com/tstories/rooiman/2001_07.php] , [http://www.iris-trui.be/india/india_stories/india_stories_05_uk.htm] ) and an [http://www.bonington.com/argan_news/2708.htm article by Bonington] .

Several of these sources contain assertions by local people who claim that the 5,602 m (18,380 feet) height claimed by the summit signs has been inflated for the purpose of record breaking. The even higher elevation of 5,682 m (18,640 feet) that has been claimed by Guinness World Records and the National Geographic Society is not supported by any evidence and may be rooted in a copying error from 5,602 m.

The world's highest motorable pass?

Khardung La is widely, but incorrectly, believed to be the world's highest motorable pass. There are higher motorable passes at Suge La, west of Lhasa, 5,430 m (17,815 feet), and Semo La 5,565 m (18,258 feet), between Raka and Coqen in Central Tibet. Both these elevations are supported by GPS and SRTM evidence and the latter was also measured by the Catalans and supported by the CIC, see above. Vehicles have been driven over the convert|5582|m|ft|0 Marsimik La, in the Indian Karakoram to the north-east of Khardung La, but it is debatable whether this pass should be considered to be motorable. There may be higher motorable passes elsewhere in Tibet, but verification of these has not been possible because of lack of information and restricted access.The youngest person to scale with the smalllest capicity vehicle is Jagdish Chandrakant Chaudhari,an NCC Cadet from Ahmedabad,India. He scaled Khardungla Pass in Sept-1994 when Jagdish was of 19 years on TVS Scooty - a 59.6cc scooterate.The same record is registered in Limca Book Of Records under both catagories

Getting to Khardung La Pass

The nearest town is Leh, the capital of Ladakh. Leh is connected by road from Manali and Srinagar, and daily flights are operated from Delhi. From Leh, a daily bus service to Nubra Valley passes over Khardungla. The ideal method to get to Khardung-la is by taxi or bike. The two bases on either side of Khardong-la are North Pullu and South Pullu. Vehicles are allowed only in one direction at a time, from 9am - 1pm in the Leh - Khardongla Direction, and from 1 pm - 5 pm in the Nubra - Khardungla - Leh Direction. Sometimes it is one direction one day and the other direction the next day.

Inner line permits are required to reach Khardung-la. These can be procured at the DC's office in Leh. Make sure to have photocopies of your permits, as each checkpoint needs a copy to be deposited with them.

ee also

*Silk Road
*Extreme points of the world

External links

* [http://www.dirttrackproductions.com/ Documentary on Marsimek-La, highest motorable pass]
* [http://geocities.com/sec_sol/ladakh.html Motorcycle ride in Ladakh]
* [http://www.60kph.com/rides/north/frozen/kla.htm A Firsthand Experience]
* [http://www.viewfinderpanoramas.org/ICCSemoKhardung.pdf Document supplied by the Cartographic Institute of Catalonia]
* [http://www.sol.co.uk/v/viewfinder/khardung-la.txt Local SRTM data]
* [http://www.sol.co.uk/v/viewfinder/khardung100.jpgExtract from 100K Russian Topographic map] . Confusingly, this shows "Khardung" (in Cyrillic) further east, but the road pass is accurately mapped.
* [http://sss.vn.ua/india/kashmir/khardungla/indexen.htm Photo gallery of Khardung La, 1280x960]
* [http://kiranc.com/?album=20060925-Khardung%20La Khardung La Pass, travelogue and pictures.]