Daylight saving time in Germany

Daylight saving time in Germany

Daylight saving time was first introduced during World War I by the German Empire in the years 1916 to 1918. After the end of the war and the proclamation of the Weimar Republic in November 1918, daylight saving time ceased to be observed in peace time.

Daylight saving time was reintroduced by the Nazis in 1940, during World War II, in an attempt to save energy for the war economy. After the defeat of Germany, DST was retained by the occupation powers. In 1945, Berlin and the Soviet Occupation Zone even observed Central European Midsummer Time (Mitteleuropäische Hochsommerzeit, MEHSZ; UTC+03:00); in 1947, all of Germany switched to midsummer time from 11 May to 29 June. After the Federal Republic (West Germany) and the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) were established in 1949, daylight saving time again ceased to be observed in 1950.

In 1978, West Germany decided to re-introduce DST, following the example set by several neighbouring states in the aftermath of the 1973 oil crisis. However, it only came into effect in 1980, after West and East Germany reached an agreement to simultaneously observe DST from the last Sunday in March (02:00 CET) to the last Sunday in September (03:00 CEST). Therefore, both German states observed the same time until the German re-unification in 1990, after which the re-unified Germany retained the laws and thus also the Time Act (Zeitgesetz) of West Germany.

In 1996, daylight saving time was harmonized throughout the European Union by Directive 2000/84/EC, which moved the end of DST to the last Sunday in October.

Contents

List

MEZ = CET (Central European Time), MESZ = CEST (Central European Summer Time) , MEHSZ = CEDST (Central European Double Summer Time)

1916–1918

  • 30.04.1916 23:00 MEZ – 01.10.1916 01:00 MESZ
  • 16.04.1917 02:00 MEZ – 17.09.1917 03:00 MESZ
  • 15.04.1918 02:00 MEZ – 16.09.1918 03:00 MESZ

1940–1944

  • 01.04.1940 02:00 MEZ – 31.12.1940 24:00 MESZ / until end of year
  • 01.01.1941 00:00 MESZ – 31.12.1941 24:00 MESZ / whole year
  • 01.01.1942 00:00 MESZ – 02.11.1942 03:00 MESZ
  • 29.03.1943 02:00 MEZ – 04.10.1943 03:00 MESZ
  • 03.04.1944 02:00 MEZ – 02.10.1944 03:00 MESZ

1945–1949

Berlin and Soviet zone
  • 24.05.1945 02:00 MEZ – 24.09.1945 03:00 MEHSZ
  • 24.09.1945 03:00 MEHSZ – 18.11.1945 03:00 MESZ
remainder
  • 02.04.1945 02:00 MEZ – 16.09.1945 02:00 MESZ
whole Germany
  • 14.04.1946 02:00 MEZ – 07.10.1946 03:00 MESZ
  • 06.04.1947 03:00 MEZ – 11.05.1947 03:00 MESZ
  • 11.05.1947 03:00 MESZ – 29.06.1947 03:00 MEHSZ
Soviet zone
  • 18.04.1948 03:00 MEZ – 03.10.1948 03:00 MESZ
  • 10.04.1949 03:00 MEZ – 02.10.1949 03:00 MESZ
remainder
  • 18.04.1948 02:00 MEZ – 03.10.1948 03:00 MESZ
  • 10.04.1949 02:00 MEZ – 02.10.1949 03:00 MESZ

After 1980

West and East Germany, since 1991 reunified Germany: Central European Summer Time

See also

References

v · d · eDaylight saving time in Europe
Sovereign
states
States with limited
recognition
  • Abkhazia
  • Kosovo
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  • Northern Cyprus
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  • Transnistria
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and other territories
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  • Guernsey
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