David Morrison (astrophysicist)

David Morrison
Born	June 26, 1940 Danville, IL
Residence	United States
Nationality	American
Fields	Planetary science, astrobiology
Institutions	NASA Ames Research Center, SETI Institute, NASA Lunar Science Institute
Alma mater	Harvard University
Known for	astrobiology, planetary exploration, search for extraterrestrial life, Near-Earth object detection, defense against asteroids, scientific skepticism
Notable awards	Dryden Medal, Sagan Medal, Presidential Meritorious Senior Professional

Dr. David Morrison is director of the Carl Sagan Center for Study of Life in the Universe at the SETI Institute, former director of the NASA Lunar Science Institute, and senior scientist at the NASA Astrobiology Institute, at NASA Ames Research Center in Mountain View, California.^[1] He is the past Director of Space at NASA Ames. Morrison is credited as the founder of the multi-disciplinary field of astrobiology. Morrison is best known for his work sin risk assessment of near Earth objects such as asteroids and comets.^[2] Asteroid 2410 Morrison was named in his honor for his work on the subject since 1991. Morrison also known for his "Ask an Astrobiologist" series on NASA's website where he provides answers to questions submitted by the public about a variety of topics from 2012 doomsday hoaxes to planetary habitability to discovery of planets outside our solar system.^[3] He has published 12 books and over 150 papers primarily on Planetary Science, Astrobiology and Near Earth Object subjects.^[4]

Background

Morrison earned his PhD in astronomy from Harvard University. He served as a science investigator on Mariner, Voyager and Galileo space science mission. Morrison received the Dryden Medal for research of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, the Sagan Medal of the American Astronomical Society for public Communication, and the Klumpke-Roberts award of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific for his contributions to science education. NASA has also awarded him Outstanding Leadership medals twice as well as the Presidential Meritorious Rank.^[4]

David Morrison has held a variety of senior science management positions at NASA Headquarters in Washington and at Ames Research Center in California. In Washington he was the first Program Scientist for the Galileo mission to Jupiter, where he was responsible for defining the mission objectives and recommending the instruments and science investigations that were selected for this mission. He also served as Deputy Associate Administrator for what is now called the NASA Science Mission Directorate, which is responsible for all NASA space science and flight missions.^[4] At NASA Ames, he has been Chief of the Space Science Division, Director Space, and most recently the founding Director of the NASA Lunar Science Institute. His responsibilities included the major NASA missions Lunar Pathfinder, Kepler, and SOFIA. Morrison has served as Councilor of the American Astronomical Society, Chair of the Division for Planetary Science of the American Astronomical Society, President of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Chair of the Astronomy Section of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and both President of Commission 16 (Planets and Satellites) and of the Working Group on Near Earth Objects of the International Astronomical Union.^[4]

Before going to NASA, Morrison was an academic research scientist working in planetary science and space missions. He was Professor of Astronomy at the University of Hawaii, where he also directed the 3-meter NASA Infrared Telescope Facility of Mauna Kea Observatory ^[5] and served for two years as University Vice Chancellor for Research. His research accomplishments include demonstration of the uniform high surface temperature of Venus ^[6], the discovery that Neptune has a large internal heat source while its “twin” planet Uranus does not ^[7], determination of the surface composition of Pluto ^[8], first ground-based measurements of the heat flow from Jupiter’s volcanic moon Io ^[9], discovery of the fundamental division of the asteroids into dark (primitive) and light (stony) classes ^[10], and the first quantitative estimate of the cosmic impact hazard. ^[11] As a founder of the multidisciplinary field of astrobiology, Morrison was also co-chair of the first NASA Astrobiology Roadmap workshop and report ^[12].

Morrison has also made many contributions to teaching astronomy and space science, including authorship of leading college undergraduate texts in astronomy and planetary science. He is a popular public writer and lecturer, promoting a scientific and fact-based perspective about such topics as Emmanuel Velikovsky’s pseudocosmology ^[13], the evolution-creationist conflict ^[14], climate change denialism ^[15], and the 2012 doomsday hoax. ^[16]

Personal

David Morrison was born in Danville IL on June 26, 1940. He attended elementary and high school in Danville and graduated from the University of Illinois in Urbana in 1962 with high distinction in physics. He studied astronomy at Harvard University and received the Ph.D in 1969, with Carl Sagan as thesis advisor. He was on the faculty of the Institute for Astronomy at the University of Hawaii (Manoa) from 1969 until 1988, when he joined the senior management staff of NASA Ames Research Center in Mountain View, CA. While on the faculty of the University of Hawaii, Morrison spent two sabbaticals at the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory of the University of Arizona in Tucson, and two assignments in space science management at NASA Headquarters in Washington DC.

Morrison is married to Janet Lee Morrison, retired medical information specialist, and lives near San Jose CA. In addition to scientific research and management, he has a strong commitment to science education and promoting science literacy and critical thinking. He is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, of the California Academy of Science, and of the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry; also a supporter of the National Center for Science Education and a Scientist Trustee of the California Academy of Science. Morrison is an avid traveler and photographer, who has visited and photographed in some 60 countries on all the continents, ranging from the Arctic to the Antarctic, all across North America, Europe, and North Africa, and extensively in South and South-East Asia. He launched a 'youtube' video about the 2012 hoax telling the public that they have nothing to worry about.

References

1. ^ "David Morrison Joins SETI Institute". Space.com. http://www.space.com/searchforlife/seti-institute-new-director-100614.html. 
2. ^ "The Spaceguard Survey: Report of the NASA International Near-Earth-Object Detection Workshop". Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992STIN...9234245M. 
3. ^ "FAQ". NASA. http://astrobiology.nasa.gov/ask-an-astrobiologist/faq. 
4. ^ ^{a b c d} "David Morrison Biography". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/centers/ames/research/2007/morrison.html. 
5. ^ "Evaluation of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, as an Observatory Site," Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 85: 255 267, 1973
6. ^ "Venus: Absence of a Phase Effect at a 2 centimeter Wavelength," Science 163: 815 817, 1969
7. ^ "Temperatures of Uranus and Neptune at 24 Microns," Astrophysical Journal 179: 329 331, 1973
8. ^ "Pluto: Evidence for Methane Frost," Science 194: 835 837, 1976
9. ^ "lo: Observational Constraints on Internal Energy and Thermophysics of the Surface," Icarus 44: 226 233, 1980
10. ^ "Surface Properties of Asteroids: A Synthesis of Polarimetry, Radiometry, and Spectrophotometry," Icarus 25: 104 130, 1975
11. ^ "Impacts on the Earth by Asteroids and Comets: Assessing the Hazard” Nature 367: 33-40, 1994
12. ^ "The NASA Astrobiology Program.” Astrobiology 1: 3-13, 2001
13. ^ "Velikovsky at 50” Skeptic Magazine 9, 2001
14. ^ "Only a Theory: Framing the Evolution-Creation Debate”, Skeptical Inquirer Nov-Dec 2005
15. ^ Disinformation about Global Warming”, Skeptical Inquirer Volume 34.2, March / April 2010
16. ^ "Doomsday 2012, Nibiru, and Cosmophobia”"Doomsday". Astronomy Beat. http://www.astrosociety.org/2012/. 

External links

• Ask an Astrobiologist
• Morrison's outreach video debunking 2012 doomsday claims
• NASA Astrobiology Institute
• author page at Skeptical Inquirer, example article Disinformation about Global Warming Volume 34.2, March/April 2010, on climate change denial.
• [1]

Persondata
Name	Morrison, David
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	June 26, 1940
Place of birth	Danville, IL
Date of death
Place of death