dIVI Translation

dIVI Translation
dIVI-PD
IPv6 transition
mechanisms
Standards Track
Experimental
Informational
Drafts
  • 4rd
  • AYIYA
  • dIVI
Deprecated
v · IVI Translation) with features of IPv4 address sharing and dual translation. dIVI-PD is a further extension of dIVI to be well used in DSL, Cable and 3G access environment, where the prefix delegation (/64 or shorter) is preferred.

Stateless NAT464 (dIVI, dIVI-PD) is intended to benefit the network operators (ISPs) to effectively share the public IPv4 addresses among a set of customers (since IANA has run out of public IPv4 addresses). In parallel, it leverages IPv6 in the network in a manner that makes IPv4-customer originated traffic looks like native IPv6 traffic in the network, resulting in simplified operations. More importantly, (unlike CGN44, DS-Lite, CGN64 etc.) dIVI/dIVI-PD does not require any Stateful NAT, DNS64 and ALG in the network, thereby benefiting the network operator to not deal with any NAT logging etc. dIVI maintains end-to-end address transparency and bidirectional-initiated communications.

Suffice to say that Stateless NAT464 (dIVI, dIVI-PD) keeps any stateful NAT44 where it belongs - Customer Premises (e.g. Homes).

Contents

How it works

Stateless NAT464 building blocks

  • Address translation defined in RFC6052[1] is a stateless mapping scheme, which embeds IPv4 address in network specific IPv6 prefix and forms IPv4-converted and IPv4-translatable addresses. The IPv4-converted IPv6 addresses are the IPv6 addresses used to represent IPv4 nodes in an IPv6 network. The IPv4-translatable IPv6 addresses are the IPv6 addresses assigned to IPv6 nodes for use with stateless translation.
  • Suffix extension enables multiple IPv6 nodes sharing a single public IPv4 address, with each node managing a different range of ports. This is achieved by defining suffix of the address format RFC6052 [1][2].
  • Header translation and ICMP translation defined in RFC6145 [3] are algorithms to perform header translation between IPv4 and IPv6, as well as between ICMP and ICMPv6.
  • Dual stateless translation can restore original IPv4 address. The advantage of stateless NAT464 is that the DNS translation DNS64 and application layer gateway ALG are not needed [4].
  • Prefix extension is only applied to dIVI-PD. It constructs different delegated prefixes for each CPE [5].

Case study

  • Considerations for Stateless Translation (IVI/dIVI) in Large SP Network[6]

IETF

  • Stateless Translation techniques have been gaining traction at the IETF as well as production networks. IVI is now an IETF informational RFC, where dIVI is being actively discussed. Many operators have recently submitted a motivation document to push the IETF to standardize Stateless 4v6 techniques such as dIVI.

Stateless 4via6 being advantageous

  • Stateless 4Via6 Address Sharing[7] demystifies the upsides with any Statelss 4v6 techniques.
  • It is worth pointing out that dIVI/dIVI-PD, unlike CGN44, DS-Lite, CGN64 etc., does not require any Stateful NAT, DNS64 and ALG in the network, thereby benefiting the network operator to not deal with any NAT logging etc.

Relation to Stateless NAT64 (Stateless NAT46, IVI)

  • Due to the stateless nature, the dual stateless translation can easily become single stateless translation by removing the second translator. See IVI Translation

References

  1. ^ a b RFC 6052 IPv6 Addressing of IPv4/IPv6 Translators
  2. ^ draft-bcx-address-fmt-extension Extended IPv6 Addressing for Encoding Port Range (https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-bcx-address-fmt-extension/)
  3. ^ RFC 6145 IP/ICMP Translation Algorithm
  4. ^ draft-xli-behave-divi dIVI: Dual-Stateless IPv4/IPv6 Translation (https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-xli-behave-divi/)
  5. ^ draft-xli-behave-divi-pd dIVI-pd: Dual-Stateless IPv4/IPv6 Translation with Prefix Delegation (https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-xli-behave-divi-pd/)
  6. ^ draft-sunq-v6ops-ivi-sp Considerations for Stateless Translation (IVI/dIVI) in Large SP Network (https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-sunq-v6ops-ivi-sp/)
  7. ^ draft-dec-stateless-4v6 Stateless 4Via6 Address Sharing (https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-dec-stateless-4v6/)

External links

v · Internet Protocol Version 6
General
Deployment
IPv4 to IPv6 topics
Related protocols

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