Cortinarius purpurascens

Cortinarius purpurascens Scientific classification Kingdom: Fungi Division: Basidiomycota Class: Basidiomycetes Subclass: Agaricomycetidae Order: Agaricales Family: Cortinariaceae Genus: Cortinarius Subgenus: Phlegmacium Species: C. purpurascens Binomial name Cortinarius purpurascens Fr. Synonyms[1] Agaricus purpurascens Fr. Cortinarius purpurascens var. largusoides Cetto Phlegmacium purpurascens (Fr.) Ricken Cortinarius purpurascens Mycological characteristics gills on hymenium cap is convex hymenium is emarginate stipe is bare spore print is brown ecology is mycorrhizal edibility: edible

Cortinarius purpurascens, also known as the bruising webcap, is a basidiomycete mushroom of the genus Cortinarius. The fruit bodies grow in groups on the ground in coniferous forests, throughout the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere, including Europe and North America.

Taxonomy

The species was first described scientifically as Agaricus purpurascens by Elias Magnus Fries in 1818.^[2] He later transferred it to the genus Cortinarius in 1838.^[3] The species was also placed in the segregate genus Phlegmacium by Aldabert Ricken as P. purpurascens.^[1]

The mushroom is commonly known as the "bruising webcap".^[4]

Description

The sticky caps may range in color from brownish to grayish-blue.

The cap is 3–10 cm (1.2–3.9 in) in diameter, initially convex before flattening out somewhat. The margin is rolled inward, and viscid, cuticle which is often slightly spotted, smooth and with small fugacious viscid concolorous flocci. The color varies from dirty brownish or brownish-rust to ochre or grayish-bluish in the center. The margin is fibrillose (covered with roughly parallel threadlike filaments), then smooth, with a violet or reddish-violet to grayish-brown tinge, then concolourous with the center of the cap. The gills are thin and crowded closely together, broadly emarginate (notched), dark violet when young, with edges often slightly denticulate (finely toothed). The tinge and intensity of the violet coloring is similar to that of the wood blewitt (Rhodopaxillus nudus). The stem is solid, vivid violet paling to violet-purple or violet-brown, with a distinctly marginate bulb 3–4 cm (1.2–1.6 in) wide, otherwise almost cylindrical towards the base. The cortina (a cobweb-like partial veil consisting of silky fibrils) is violet. The flesh is violet-lilac or violet, paling slightly when mature, and with a weak, unpleasant smell and mild taste. When cut or broken it turns purple, like the gills. It is an edible mushroom of medium quality.^[5]

The spores are ellipsoid, slightly almond-shaped, verrucose, and measure 9–10 by 4.8–6 μm. The basidia (the spore-bearing cells) are 30–35 by 7–9 μm. On the edge of the gills there are thin-walled irregularly bottle-shaped cheilocystidia, which protrude 20–30 μm. The spore deposit is brownish-rust to light brown.^[5]

Distribution and habitat

The fruit bodies of Cortinarius purpurascens grow in groups in coniferous forests, mainly on more acid soils and is quite rare. It is distributed throughout the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere,^[5] and has been collected from Europe and North America.^[6]

See also

Fungi portal

• List of Cortinarius species

References

1. ^ ^{a b} "Cortinarius purpurascens Fr.". Species Fungorum. CAB International. http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/SynSpecies.asp?RecordID=176760. Retrieved 2010-08-06. 
2. ^ Fries EM. (1818) (in Latin). Observationes mycologicae. 2. Copenhagen: Gerhardi Bonnieri. pp. 70–71. http://books.google.ca/books?id=XtEVAAAAYAAJ&ots=PR8iaQNbox&dq=Observationes%20mycologicae&pg=PA70#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved 2010-08-24. 
3. ^ Fries EM. (1838) (in Latin). Epicrisis Systematis Mycologici. Uppsala: Typographia Academica. p. 265. http://books.google.ca/books?id=sLQTAAAAQAAJ&dq=Epicrisis%20Systematis%20Mycologici&pg=PA265#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved 2010-08-24. 
4. ^ "Recommended English Names for Fungi in the UK" (PDF). British Mycological Society. http://www.britmycolsoc.org.uk/resources.asp?Cat=Recommended%20English%20Names%20for%20Fungi%20in%20the%20UK%20%20. Retrieved 2010-20-30. 
5. ^ ^{a b c} Pilat Á, Ušák O. (1961). Mushrooms and other Fungi. London: Peter Nevill. p. 89. 
6. ^ Phillips R. "Cortinarius purpurascens". Rogers Mushrooms. http://www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~5441~gid~~source~gallerydefault.asp. Retrieved 2010-08-24.