Cook Cleland

Cook Cleland
200px
Nickname	Cookie
Born	December 24, 1916(1916-12-24) Cleveland, Ohio
Died	July 13, 2007(2007-07-13) (aged 90) Pensacola, Florida
Buried at	Barrancas National Cemetery
Allegiance	United States of America
Service/branch	United States Navy
Years of service	1940-1967
Rank	Captain
Unit	Air Group 16 USS Lexington (CV-16)
Commands held	VMF 653
Battles/wars	World War II, Korea
Awards	Navy Cross
Other work	Air Race Pilot

Cook Cleland (1916 – June 13, 2007) was a World War II United States Navy and civilian air race pilot. He participated in the Battle of Coral Sea and the Battle of the Philippine Sea. Cleland won the 1947 and 1949 Thompson Trophy Air Races.^[1]

Early life

Cook Cleland was born in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1916, and graduated from the University of Missouri in 1940.

Navy service

Cleland joined the Navy and became a naval aviator shortly before the attack on Pearl Harbor. He married Ora Lee Cleland during his flight training. After graduation he was assigned to the aircraft carrier USS Wasp flying the Vought SB2U Vindicator and Douglas SBD dive bombers, providing close air support for the initial Guadalcanal landings. Cleland was on the Wasp when she was sunk in September 1942, spending over 4 hours in the water, waiting for rescue.

Cleland was then assigned to the USS Lexington, becoming a plank owner. During his service onboard the "Gray Ghost", he became and air ace, shooting down five Japanese aircraft, unusual for a dive bomber pilot. He and his wingman were also credited with severely crippling the Japanese aircraft carrier Junyō during the Battle of the Philippine Sea in June 1943. For his valor in action, he received the Navy Cross and many other commendations.^[2] On return to the States, he evaluated captured enemy aircraft as a Navy test pilot.

Post WWII

Following WWII, Cleland acquired the Euclid Avenue Airport small airport in suburban Willoughby, Ohio. As a fixed-base operator, he offered flying lessons, banner towing, and air charters.^[3]

Cleland bought a surplus Vought FG-1D Corsair, modified it for air racing, named it "Lucky Gallon" and flew it in the 1946 Thompson Trophy Race at an average of 357 miles per hour (575 km/h), finishing second.

Cook Cleland's Race 57, winner of the 1949 Tinnerman Trophy that was flown by Ben McKillen

Cleland next obtained four Goodyear F2G-1 Super Corsairs with a hefty 28-cylinder Pratt & Whitney Wasp Major rated at more than 3,000 horsepower (2,237 kW). He modified these similarly to his FG-1D, additionally clipping the wingspan a few feet. He flew one of these, Race 74, to win the 1947 Thompson Trophy with a speed of 396 miles per hour (637 km/h).

The 1948 Thompson saw Cleland return with more modifications to the previous years plane, but the experimental fuel, rated at 200 octane, proved too volatile and caused the induction scoops to be blown loose, taking him out of the race.

Cleland returned in 1949, winning the Thompson for the second time flying Race 94, with a speed of 397 miles per hour (639 km/h).

Wanting to expand his air charter service, Cleland and his partner purchased three surplus PBY Catalina Flying Boats with the intent to modify them for the Alaska hunting and fishing trade. The modifications proved too costly and the planes were sold. The field closed in the latter part of 1952 after Cleland had gone back into Navy active service.

Korean War

In February 1951, he returned to active duty as commanding officer of carrier-based Fighting Squadron 653 and flew the Chance-Vought F4U Corsair in 67 combat missions over North Korea. In May 1952, he was shot down by enemy ground fire during an interdiction mission in North Korea and was rescued later the same day.

Later life

Cleland held numerous U.S. Navy staff positions after the Korean War and played a key role in establishing the Defense Intelligence Agency.

In 1967, Cook retired from the Navy in Kodiak, Alaska and moved to Pensacola, Florida, where he opened Cleland Antiques.

In 2000, Cook was inducted into the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America in Detroit, Michigan.^[4]

Cleland lost his right leg to diabetes, but did manage to attend the final reunion of his Air Group 16 at the dedication of the National World War II Memorial on May 29, 2004. ^[5]

Cleland died June 13, 2007, leaving a daughter, two sons, two grandchildren, and two great grandchildren.^[6]

References

1. ^ "Air Command and Staff College Gathering of Eagles Homepage!". Maxwell Air Force Base, United States Air Force. http://www.maxwell.af.mil/au/goe/eagle_bios/1983/cleland_1983.asp. Retrieved 2008-11-09. ^{[dead link]}
2. ^ "Cook Cleland, SBD Dive bomber". Sir. Ernie Hamilton Boyette. 2-10-07. http://aviationartstore.com/cook_cleland_2.htm. Retrieved 2008-11-09. 
3. ^ "Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields:Airfields_OH". Paul Freeman. http://www.airfields-freeman.com/OH/Airfields_OH_Cleveland_NE.htm#euclid. Retrieved 2008-11-09. 
4. ^ "Motorsports Hall of Fame of America and Museum". Motorsports Hall of Fame of America and Museum. http://www.mshf.com/index.htm?/hof/cleland_cook.htm. Retrieved 2008-11-09. 
5. ^ Air Group 16: We Came to Remember (TV Documentary). Washington, D.C.: PBS. 2007. 
6. ^ "Pensacola Obituaries". Pensacola Florida News. http://www.legacy.com/PensacolaNewsJournal/Obituaries.asp?Page=LifeStory&PersonId=90697312. Retrieved 2008-11-09. 

External links

Biography portal

• Cook Cleland's 1946 Thompson Trophy
• The history of F4U-4 Corsair BU 97143, with a history of Squadron VF653

Persondata
Name	Cleland, Cook
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	1916-12-24
Place of birth	Cleveland, Ohio
Date of death	2007-07-13
Place of death	Pensacola, Florida