Conversion of units of temperature

Conversion of units of temperature

This is a compendium of temperature conversion formulæ and comparisons.

Contents

Kelvin

from Kelvin to Kelvin
Celsius [°C] = [K] − 273.15 [K] = [°C] + 273.15
Fahrenheit [°F] = [K] × 9⁄5 − 459.67 [K] = ([°F] + 459.67) × 5⁄9
Rankine [°R] = [K] × 9⁄5 [K] = [°R] × 5⁄9
Delisle [°De] = (373.15 − [K]) × 3⁄2 [K] = 373.15 − [°De] × 2⁄3
Newton [°N] = ([K] − 273.15) × 33⁄100 [K] = [°N] × 100⁄33 + 273.15
Réaumur [°Ré] = ([K] − 273.15) × 4⁄5 [K] = [°Ré] × 5⁄4 + 273.15
Rømer [°Rø] = ([K] − 273.15) × 21⁄40 + 7.5 [K] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) × 40⁄21 + 273.15

Celsius (Centigrade)

from Celsius to Celsius
Fahrenheit [°F] = [°C] × 9⁄5 + 32 [°C] = ([°F] − 32) × 5⁄9
Kelvin [K] = [°C] + 273.15 [°C] = [K] − 273.15
Rankine [°R] = ([°C] + 273.15) × 9⁄5 [°C] = ([°R] − 491.67) × 5⁄9
Delisle [°De] = (100 − [°C]) × 3⁄2 [°C] = 100 − [°De] × 2⁄3
Newton [°N] = [°C] × 33⁄100 [°C] = [°N] × 100⁄33
Réaumur [°Ré] = [°C] × 4⁄5 [°C] = [°Ré] × 5⁄4
Rømer [°Rø] = [°C] × 21⁄40 + 7.5 [°C] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) × 40⁄21

The simple approximation [°F] = [°C] × 2 + 30 (or [°C] = ([°F] − 30) / 2) works well within the range of normal weather temperatures, underestimating by 6°F at −20°C and over by 4°F at 30°C.

Fahrenheit

from Fahrenheit to Fahrenheit
Celsius [°C] = ([°F] − 32) × 5⁄9 [°F] = [°C] × 9⁄5 + 32
Kelvin [K] = ([°F] + 459.67) × 5⁄9 [°F] = [K] × 9⁄5 − 459.67
Rankine [°R] = [°F] + 459.67 [°F] = [°R] − 459.67
Delisle [°De] = (212 − [°F]) × 5⁄6 [°F] = 212 − [°De] × 6⁄5
Newton [°N] = ([°F] − 32) × 11⁄60 [°F] = [°N] × 60⁄11 + 32
Réaumur [°Ré] = ([°F] − 32) × 4⁄9 [°F] = [°Ré] × 9⁄4 + 32
Rømer [°Rø] = ([°F] − 32) × 7⁄24 + 7.5 [°F] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) × 24⁄7 + 32

Rankine

from Rankine to Rankine
Celsius [°C] = ([°R] − 491.67) × 5⁄9 [°R] = ([°C] + 273.15) × 9⁄5
Fahrenheit [°F] = [°R] − 459.67 [°R] = [°F] + 459.67
Kelvin [K] = [°R] × 5⁄9 [°R] = [K] × 9⁄5
Delisle [°De] = (671.67 − [°R]) × 5⁄6 [°R] = 671.67 − [°De] × 6⁄5
Newton [°N] = ([°R] − 491.67) × 11⁄60 [°R] = [°N] × 60⁄11 + 491.67
Réaumur [°Ré] = ([°R] − 491.67) × 4⁄9 [°R] = [°Ré] × 9⁄4 + 491.67
Rømer [°Rø] = ([°R] − 491.67) × 7⁄24 + 7.5 [°R] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) × 24⁄7 + 491.67

Newton

from Newton to Newton
Celsius [°C] = [°N] × 100⁄33 [°N] = [°C] × 33⁄100
Fahrenheit [°F] = [°N] × 60⁄11 + 32 [°N] = ([°F] − 32) × 11⁄60
Kelvin [K] = [°N] × 100⁄33 + 273.15 [°N] = ([K] − 273.15) × 33⁄100
Rankine [°R] = [°N] × 60⁄11 + 491.67 [°N] = ([°R] − 491.67) × 11⁄60
Delisle [°De] = (33 − [°N]) × 50⁄11 [°N] = 33 − [°De] × 11⁄50
Réaumur [°Ré] = [°N] × 80⁄33 [°N] = [°Ré] × 33⁄80
Rømer [°Rø] = [°N] × 35⁄22 + 7.5 [°N] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) × 22⁄35

Réaumur

from Réaumur to Réaumur
Celsius [°C] = [°Ré] × 5⁄4 [°Ré] = [°C] × 4⁄5
Fahrenheit [°F] = [°Ré] × 9⁄4 + 32 [°Ré] = ([°F] − 32) × 4⁄9
Kelvin [K] = [°Ré] × 5⁄4 + 273.15 [°Ré] = ([K] − 273.15) × 4⁄5
Rankine [°R] = [°Ré] × 9⁄4 + 491.67 [°Ré] = ([°R] − 491.67) × 4⁄9
Delisle [°De] = (80 − [°Ré]) × 15⁄8 [°Ré] = 80 − [°De] × 8⁄15
Newton [°N] = [°Ré] × 33⁄80 [°Ré] = [°N] × 80⁄33
Rømer [°Rø] = [°Ré] × 21⁄32 + 7.5 [°Ré] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) × 32⁄21

Rømer

from Rømer to Rømer
Celsius [°C] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) × 40⁄21 [°Rø] = [°C] × 21⁄40 + 7.5
Fahrenheit [°F] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) × 24⁄7 + 32 [°Rø] = ([°F] − 32) × 7⁄24 + 7.5
Kelvin [K] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) × 40⁄21 + 273.15 [°Rø] = ([K] − 273.15) × 21⁄40 + 7.5
Rankine [°R] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) × 24⁄7 + 491.67 [°Rø] = ([°R] − 491.67) × 7⁄24 + 7.5
Delisle [°De] = (60 − [°Rø]) × 20⁄7 [°Rø] = 60 − [°De] × 7⁄20
Newton [°N] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) × 22⁄35 [°Rø] = [°N] × 35⁄22 + 7.5
Réaumur [°Ré] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) × 32⁄21 [°Rø] = [°Ré] × 21⁄32 + 7.5

Comparison

Celsius Fahrenheit Kelvin Rankine Delisle Newton Réaumur Rømer
300.00 572.00 573.15 1031.67 −300.00 99.00 240.00 165.00
290.00 554.00 563.15 1013.67 −285.00 95.70 232.00 159.75
280.00 536.00 553.15 995.67 −270.00 92.40 224.00 154.50
270.00 518.00 543.15 977.67 −255.00 89.10 216.00 149.25
260.00 500.00 533.15 959.67 −240.00 85.80 208.00 144.00
250.00 482.00 523.15 941.67 −225.00 82.50 200.00 138.75
240.00 464.00 513.15 923.67 −210.00 79.20 192.00 133.50
230.00 446.00 503.15 905.67 −195.00 75.90 184.00 128.25
220.00 428.00 493.15 887.67 −180.00 72.60 176.00 123.00
210.00 410.00 483.15 869.67 −165.00 69.30 168.00 117.75
200.00 392.00 473.15 851.67 −150.00 66.00 160.00 112.50
190.00 374.00 463.15 833.67 −135.00 62.70 152.00 107.25
180.00 356.00 453.15 815.67 −120.00 59.40 144.00 102.00
170.00 338.00 443.15 797.67 −105.00 56.10 136.00 96.75
160.00 320.00 433.15 779.67 −90.00 52.80 128.00 91.50
150.00 302.00 423.15 761.67 −75.00 49.50 120.00 86.25
140.00 284.00 413.15 743.67 −60.00 46.20 112.00 81.00
130.00 266.00 403.15 725.67 −45.00 42.90 104.00 75.75
120.00 248.00 393.15 707.67 −30.00 39.60 96.00 70.50
110.00 230.00 383.15 689.67 −15.00 36.30 88.00 65.25
100.00 212.00 373.15 671.67 0.00 33.00 80.00 60.00
90.00 194.00 363.15 653.67 15.00 29.70 72.00 54.75
80.00 176.00 353.15 635.67 30.00 26.40 64.00 49.50
70.00 158.00 343.15 617.67 45.00 23.10 56.00 44.25
60.00 140.00 333.15 599.67 60.00 19.80 48.00 39.00
50.00 122.00 323.15 581.67 75.00 16.50 40.00 33.75
40.00 104.00 313.15 563.67 90.00 13.20 32.00 28.50
30.00 86.00 303.15 545.67 105.00 9.90 24.00 23.25
20.00 68.00 293.15 527.67 120.00 6.60 16.00 18.00
10.00 50.00 283.15 509.67 135.00 3.30 8.00 12.75
0.00 32.00 273.15 491.67 150.00 0.00 0.00 7.50
−10.00 14.00 263.15 473.67 165.00 −3.30 −8.00 2.25
−20.00 −4.00 253.15 455.67 180.00 −6.60 −16.00 −3.00
−30.00 −22.00 243.15 437.67 195.00 −9.90 −24.00 −8.25
−40.00 −40.00 233.15 419.67 210.00 −13.20 −32.00 −13.50
−50.00 −58.00 223.15 401.67 225.00 −16.50 −40.00 −18.75
−60.00 −76.00 213.15 383.67 240.00 −19.80 −48.00 −24.00
−70.00 −94.00 203.15 365.67 255.00 −23.10 −56.00 −29.25
−80.00 −112.00 193.15 347.67 270.00 −26.40 −64.00 −34.50
−90.00 −130.00 183.15 329.67 285.00 −29.70 −72.00 −39.75
−100.00 −148.00 173.15 311.67 300.00 −33.00 −80.00 −45.00
−110.00 −166.00 163.15 293.67 315.00 −36.30 −88.00 −50.25
−120.00 −184.00 153.15 275.67 330.00 −39.60 −96.00 −55.50
−130.00 −202.00 143.15 257.67 345.00 −42.90 −104.00 −60.75
−140.00 −220.00 133.15 239.67 360.00 −46.20 −112.00 −66.00
−150.00 −238.00 123.15 221.67 375.00 −49.50 −120.00 −71.25
−160.00 −256.00 113.15 203.67 390.00 −52.80 −128.00 −76.50
−170.00 −274.00 103.15 185.67 405.00 −56.10 −136.00 −81.75
−180.00 −292.00 93.15 167.67 420.00 −59.40 −144.00 −87.00
−190.00 −310.00 83.15 149.67 435.00 −62.70 −152.00 −92.25
−200.00 −328.00 73.15 131.67 450.00 −66.00 −160.00 −97.50
−210.00 −346.00 63.15 113.67 465.00 −69.30 −168.00 −102.75
−220.00 −364.00 53.15 95.67 480.00 −72.60 −176.00 −108.00
−230.00 −382.00 43.15 77.67 495.00 −75.90 −184.00 −113.25
−240.00 −400.00 33.15 59.67 510.00 −79.20 −192.00 −118.50
−250.00 −418.00 23.15 41.67 525.00 −82.50 −200.00 −123.75
−260.00 −436.00 13.15 23.67 540.00 −85.80 −208.00 −129.00
−273.15 −459.67 0.00 0.00 559.73 −90.14 −218.52 −135.90

Comparison of temperature scales

Comparison of temperature scales
Comment Kelvin Celsius Fahrenheit Rankine scale Delisle Newton Réaumur Rømer
Absolute zero 0.00 −273.15 −459.67 0.00 559.73 −90.14 −218.52 −135.90
Lowest recorded surface temperature on Earth
(Vostok, Antarctica - July 21, 1983)		 184 −89 −128 331 284 −29 −71 −39
Fahrenheit's ice/salt mixture 255.37 −17.78 0.00 459.67 176.67 −5.87 −14.22 −1.83
Ice melts (at standard pressure) 273.15 0.00 32.00 491.67 150.00 0.00 0.00 7.50
Triple point of water 273.16 0.01 32.018 491.688 149.985 0.0033 0.008 7.50525
Average surface temperature on Earth 288 15 59 519 128 5 12 15
Average human body temperature* 310 37 98 558 95 12 29 27
Highest recorded surface temperature on Earth
('Aziziya, Libya - September 13, 1922)
But that reading is queried.		 331 58 136 596 63 19 46 38
Water boils (at standard pressure) 373.15 100.00 211.97 671.64 0.00 33.00 80.00 60.00
Titanium melts 1941 1668 3034 3494 −2352 550 1334 883
The surface of the Sun 5773.15 5500 9932 10400 −8100 1800 4400 2900

* Normal human body temperature is 36.8 °C ±0.7 °C, or 98.2 °F ±1.3 °F. The commonly given value 98.6 °F is simply the exact conversion of the nineteenth-century German standard of 37 °C. Since it does not list an acceptable range, it could therefore be said to have excess (invalid) precision.[1]

Some numbers in this table have been rounded.

A graphical representation of some of the above data

Conversion table between different temperature units

See also

References

  1. ^ "Temperature of a Healthy Human (Body Temperature)". Hypertextbook.com. http://hypertextbook.com/facts/LenaWong.shtml. Retrieved 2010-09-16. 


v · d · eScales of temperature
Celsius · Delisle · Fahrenheit · Gas Mark · Kelvin · Leiden · Newton · Planck · Rankine · Réaumur · Rømer · Wedgwood
Conversion formulas

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