- Siston Brook
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Siston Brook Clack Mill Brook Brook 
Londonderry Wharf Bridge crossing the Siston Brook as it joins the Bristol AvonCountry England Region South Gloucestershire Tributaries - right Warmley Brook Source - location Siston, South Gloucestershire, England - elevation 338 ft (103 m) - coordinates 51°28′48″N 2°26′55″W / 51.4799°N 2.4487°W Secondary source - location Siston, South Gloucestershire, England - elevation 305 ft (93 m) - coordinates 51°28′38″N 2°27′01″W / 51.4773°N 2.4503°W Source confluence - location Siston, South Gloucestershire, England - elevation 246 ft (75 m) - coordinates 51°28′28″N 2°26′52″W / 51.4744°N 2.4478°W Mouth River Avon (Bristol) - location Londonderry Wharf, South Gloucestershire, England - elevation 35 ft (11 m) - coordinates 51°25′36″N 2°29′18″W / 51.4268°N 2.4883°W Length 6 mi (10 km) River system Bristol Avon 
Diagrammatic map of the Siston Brook and tributaries in South Gloucestershire, EnglandSiston Brook rises in two separate streams which issue from a ridge just north of the village of Siston, South Gloucestershire, England. The brook is approximately 6 miles (9.7 km) long and is a tributary of the Bristol Avon. Much of its course is through the eastern suburbs of Bristol, although it remains outside the city boundaries. Tributaries include the Warmley Brook and an un-named tributary from Bridgeyate.
The stream has provided power for watermills and battery mills in the past and some mill buildings still survive. Wildlife is supported by nature reserves through which the Siston Brook runs. Flooding has caused problems in the past, but modern measures to alleviate this include an attenuation reservoir and proposals to reinstate historic weirs and sluices. The name Siston is believed to derive from Anglo-Saxon, meaning Sige's Farmstead.
Contents
Course
The source of Siston Brook is two springs which flow out of a ridge just north of the village of Siston. These join near to the village church of St Anne's. the river then flows in a south westerly direction through Overscourt Wood, a nature reserve and part of the Forest of Avon. A small un-named tributary joins on the left near Webb's Heath Farm. Another tributary joins on the right at Mill Farm and the brook then heads south through a steep valley to Warmley Forest Park. The upper stretches are sometimes referred to as Clack Mill Brook, but the location of Clack Mill is uncertain.
The Siston is then joined by the Warmley Brook, flowing down from Rodway Hill, on the right. It then flows through Warmley, partly culverted, still in a generally southerly direction. Another un-named tributary joins from Bridgeyate Common on the left and it then flows past Cadbury Heath and on to Oldland, between the village and Oldland Common. It enters another nature reserve at Willsbridge Mill and then flows under the A431 road and joins the Avon at Londonderry Wharf, which was originally used for loading coal from local mines.
History
In common with other rivers of the area the brook was used used to power watermills for grinding corn and, as the Industrial Revolution developed, to supply power for many mining related industries. The eighteenth century industrialist William Champion dammed the stream at Warmley to provide a 13 acres (5.3 ha) water feature for the ornamental gardens of his home, Warmley House. This also acted as a reservoir for supplying water power to Champion's brass battery mills. The lake no longer survives.[1]
Weirs, pools and sluices in the upper reaches have long been used as part of water management in the area and it is proposed to restore many of the to aid in future flood prevention.[2]
An eighteenth-century water mill at Willsbridge was in operation until the 1960s. Originally used for milling hoop iron, it was converted in the early nineteenth century for flour production.[3] It has been restored and now serves as a focus for a nature reserve managed by Avon Wildlife Trust. The mouth of the Siston Brook where it joins the Avon was turned into a wharf in the eighteenth century, providing a space for loading barges with coal for nearby collieries. The coal was brought down to the river from mines at Coalpit Heath via a dramway a narrow gauge tramway, worked by gravity.[4]
Natural history
Nature Reserves at Overscourt Wood, Warmley Forest Park and Willsbridge provide shelter for amphibians, river birds and plant life.
Etymology
Settlements at Siston have been known as Sistone, Syton, Sytone and Systun. It is believed that the name may be a derivative of Sige's Farmstead, indicating Anglo-Saxon origins.[5]
Hydrology
During the construction of the Avon Ring Road extensions in the 1990s, an attenuation reservoir was constructed in the Siston Common area to minimise flooding effects from surface run-off during rainstorms.[6]
References
- ^ "Warmley Conservation Area". South Gloucestershire Council. November 1998. http://www.southglos.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/966EB693-2D43-4551-9F7C-B90F5EBF4F84/0/PTE050048.pdf. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
- ^ "Siston Conservation Area". South Gloucestershire Council. July 2009. http://www.southglos.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/D0B88DBA-B974-4678-B898-3573BBDD6C92/0/PTE090195.pdf. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
- ^ "Willsbridge Mill". Bitton & Siston District web. http://www.radisol.co.uk/districtweb/main-site/history-willsbridge-mill.htm. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
- ^ "The Dramway". South Gloucestershire Council. http://www.southglos.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/D18FA6D8-980E-42A5-9A88-A2AF7E65A31B/0/PTE070024.pdf. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
- ^ "Siston Conservation Area". South Gloucestershire Council. http://www.southglos.gov.uk/NR/exeres/332bfa2b-4edb-4380-accc-553174ccc81a. Retrieved 2009-11-30.
- ^ Faulkner, B L (26 Jul 2007). "Economic Design of Flood-Attenuation Reservoirs for Urban Areas Exploiting Catchment Hydrodynamics IN South-West UK" (subscription required). Water and Environment Journal (Wiley InterScience) 17 (2): 129–132. doi:10.1111/j.1747-6593.2003.tb00446.x. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/119925571/abstract. Retrieved 2009-11-30.
Categories:- Rivers of Gloucestershire
- South Gloucestershire
- Rivers of Bristol
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