Christopher Polge

Christopher Polge
Born	August 16, 1926(1926-08-16)
Died	August 17, 2006(2006-08-17) (aged 80)
Residence	England
Nationality	British
Fields	Cryobiology
Institutions	National Institute for Medical Research, Animal Research Station at Cambridge
Alma mater	University of Reading
Doctoral students	Ian Wilmut[1]
Known for	cryopreservation
Notable awards	Wolf Prize in Agriculture (1988)

Ernest John Christopher Polge CBE, FRS (16 August 1926– 17 August 2006) was an English biologist, most noted for his work in cryopreservation. ^[2][3]

The son of a Buckinghamshire farmer, he was educated at Bootham School in York, before going to the University of Reading where he studied Agriculture. He worked briefly as an agricultural economist before joining the Division of Experimental Biology at the National Institute for Medical Research at Mill Hill, London, and later the Animal Research Station at Cambridge, where he worked under Sir John Hammond^[4]

It was while a doctoral student that he solved the long-standing problem of how to preserve living cells and tissues at very low temperatures. In 1950, Polge produced the first chicks from eggs fertilised with frozen sperm^[5], the first vertebrates to be produced in this way. Two years later, Polge reported high pregnancy rates in cattle using sperm that had been frozen for periods in excess of a year, work which had far-reaching consequences for the future of artificial insemination and genetic improvement in livestock.

After the Animal Research Station closed in 1986, Polge co-founded Animal Biotechnology Cambridge Ltd., where he was also Scientific Director, to translate basic and applied research into commercial agricultural processes and products.^[2] He was also a Fellow of Wolfson College from 1984 to 1993 (Emeritus Fellow after)

Polge was elected to the Royal Society in 1983, won the 1988 Wolf Foundation Prize in Agriculture, and was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1992. He was elected to the US National Academy of Sciences as a foreign associate in 1997.

References

1. ^ Polge, C.; Salamon, S.; Wilmut, I. (1970). "Fertilizing capacity of frozen boar semen following surgical insemination". The Veterinary record 87 (15): 424–429. PMID 5485635.  edit
2. ^ ^{a b} Rall, W. (2007). "Ernest John Christopher Polge FRS (1926–2006)". Cryobiology 54 (3): 241–242. doi:10.1016/j.cryobiol.2007.04.001.  edit
3. ^ Hunter, R. H. F. (2008). "Ernest John Christopher Polge. 16 August 1926 -- 17 August 2006". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 54: 275. doi:10.1098/rsbm.2008.0006.  edit
4. ^ "Christopher Polge Obituary - Telegraph". The Daily Telegraph (London). 11 September 2006. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1528529/Christopher-Polge.html. Retrieved 2011-07-26. 
5. ^ Polge, C.; Smith, A. U.; Parkes, A. S. (1949). "Revival of Spermatozoa after Vitrification and Dehydration at Low Temperatures". Nature 164 (4172): 666. doi:10.1038/164666a0. PMID 18143360.  edit

Persondata
Name	Polge, Christopher
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	1926
Place of birth
Date of death	2006
Place of death