- Chorni Klobuky
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Chorni Klobuky (Ukrainian - Чорні Клобуки - "Black Hats (Hoods)"; Turkic Karakalpak or Qaraqalpaq) were a group of semi-nomadic Turkic tribes that settled on the frontier between the Rus states and the Pechenegs (and later the Cumans) during the 11th century and 12th century CE. They fought as mercenaries for various Rus princes, forming most of the cavalry for the fledgling Rus armies. Several tribes are named as probable Chernye Klobuki, including the Berendei and Torkils. Their name means "Black Hats" or "Black Hoods", and in Turkic languages it is "Karakalpak"; presumably this refers to their national costume. It is unclear whether the Chernye Klobuki are related to the Karakalpaks of today.[1]
The name Chernye Klobuki appears in the chronicles of Kievan Rus’ at the end of the 11th century, when they settled primarily south of Kiev and Pereiaslav. In the 12th century many of these tribes became sedentary and town-based. Many of the Chernye Klobuki settled just southwest of Kiev; eventually these were assimilated into the population of what would become Ukraine, leaving behind Turkic village names (as i.e. Karabachyn in Zhytomyr oblast) and some Turkic anthropological features among some Ukrainians from these areas.[citation needed]
The last remnants of them were crushed by the Mongols just before the battle of Kiev in 1240.
References
- ^ David Nicolle, Angus McBride (2001), Armies of Medieval Russia, Osprey Publishing, ISBN 9781855328488, ISBN 1855328488, http://books.google.com/?id=FyfXPN4nhNQC&pg=PA21&lpg=PA21&dq=%22Chernye+Klobuki%22
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