Chaos (genus)

Chaos
Chaos carolinensis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukarya
Kingdom:	Amoebozoa
Phylum:	Sarcodinal
Class:	Tubulinea
Order:	Tubulinida
Family:	Amoebidae
Genus:	Chaos Linnaeus, 1767 [1][2]
Species
Chaos carolinensis Chaos chaos Chaos illinoisense

Chaos is a genus of giant amoebae, varying from 1–5 mm in length. They are closely related to Amoeba, and share the same general morphology, producing numerous cylindrical pseudopods. However, Chaos have several hundred nuclei, while Amoeba only have one. The most notable species is C. carolinensis; they have also been classified as Pelomyxa, another giant multinucleate amoeba, but they are not particularly similar.

Chaos feed on bacteria, fungi, other protists and multicellular rotifers. They are heterotrophs like all members of sarcodina, and obtain food energy by ingestion. They are mostly scavengers and are found on the bottom of freshwater habitats.

Chaos move by pseudopodia. They do not have a hard cell wall. The cytoplasm is divided into: the fluid endoplasm that contains the many nuclei, granules, and food vacuoles; and the more viscous ectoplasm that does not contain any granules.

An interesting aspect of Chaos, from a histological perspective, is the number of mitochondria it contains. The mitochondrion is an organelle best known as the powerhouse of the cell for its role in providing the cell and host organism with its energy needs, but the organelle is responsible for a range of other biochemical roles. Most cells have on average hundreds to thousands of mitochondria, whereas it has been found that Chaos can contain upwards of 500,000 mitochondria.

References

1. ^ "Chaos Linnaeus, 1767". Nomenclator Zoologicus. http://www.ubio.org/NZ/detail.php?d=1&uid=37864. Retrieved January 11, 2011. 
2. ^ "Chaos Linnaeus, 1767". Biolib.cz. http://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id166441/. Retrieved January 11, 2011. 

Bibliography

• Scheffler, Immo E. (2008). Mitochondria, 2nd ed., Wiley-Liss, 2007, ISBN 0470040734.

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