- Schottenkirche, Vienna
Infobox religious building
building_name= Our Dear Lady of the Scots
caption=Schottenkirche, Vienna
location=Vienna ,Austria
geo = coord|48|12|42.9|N|16|21|53.2|E|display=inline|region:AT_type:landmark
religious_affiliation=Roman Catholic
rite=
province=
district=
consecration_year=
status=
leadership=P. Nikolaus Poch o.s.bcite web|url=http://www.schottenpfarre.at|title=Official Website of the Schottenkirche]
website= [http://www.schottenpfarre.at Official Website]
architect=
architecture_type= church,cite web |url=http://stephanscom.at/pfarren/dekanate/Stadtdekanat_1/Unsere_Liebe_Frau_zu_den_Schotten |title= Pfarre Unsere Liebe Frau zu den Schotten|accessmonthday=11-12 |accessyear=2007 |author= |date= |language=German |publisher= Erzdiözese Wien] Basilica Minor
architecture_style=Baroque
facade_direction=W
year started=
year_completed=
construction_cost=
capacity=
length= 55 mEstimated from satellite images provided byGoogle Earth ]
width= 25 mEstimated from satellite images provided byGoogle Earth ]
width_nave= 15 mEstimated from satellite images provided byGoogle Earth ]
height_max=
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materials=The Schottenkirche is a parish church in
Vienna attached to the Schottenstift, founded by Iro-ScottishBenedictine monks in the 12th century. In 1418, the Duke Albert V of Austria transferred it to the German-speaking Benedictine monks from theMelk Abbey during theMelker Reform initiated after theCouncil of Constance Cite book | publisher = Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag | isbn = 3486648306 | pages = 262 | last = Niederkorn-Bruck | first = Meta | title = Die Melker Reform im Spiegel der Visitationen | date = 1994 ] . The church has been elevated to the rank ofBasilica Minor in 1958.The Schottenkirche is located in the
Freyung in the first district of Vienna'sInnere Stadt .History
Irish and Scottish missionaries (Iro-Scottish, Hiberno-Scottish) were instrumental in the spread of
Christianity in Continental Europe during theMiddle Age .The Latin term "Scotti" refers to the Gaelic-speaking people of Ireland and the Irish who settled in western Scotland. In early medieval times Ireland was known, not only asÉire , but also asScotia a name that the Romans used to refer to Ireland.] Of special importance in Austria is Saint Koloman of Stockerau (of Melk) killed nearVienna in 1012. This Iro-Scottishmonk of royal lineage killed atStockerau while onpilgrimage toJerusalem has been patron saint of Austria until1663 .During the eleventh and the
twelfth century , Scottish Monasteries intended for Scottish and Irish monks exclusively sprang up. The famous Scottish Monastery of St. Jacob at Ratisbon was built around 1090 by Burgrave Otto of Ratisbon in Ratisbon became the mother-house of a series of other Scots Monasteries, among which the Our Blessed Lady atVienna built in 1158.Exterior
The first church was a three-aisled Romanesque pillar church with a single apse, destroyed by a fire in 1276.
An earthquake circa 1443 greatly damaged the existing church on the site. Restorations were completed by 1449 but poorly done, due to lack of money, and on May 21, 1634, the roof collapsed in full view of
Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor .The collapse of the tower, struck by a lightning bolt in 1638, was seized as an opportunity to completely rebuild the church in
Baroque style. From 1638-1641, the reconstruction was undertaken by the architects byCarlo Antonio Carlone andMarco Spazzio . From 1643-1648,Andrea Allio the Old ,Andrea Allio the Young andSilvestro Carlone reworked the nave and the west side.cite web |url=http://aia.art-platform.com/allio_andrea_dae.htm |title=Andrea Allio der Ältere |accessmonthday=11-19 |accessyear=2007 |author= |last=Storch|first=Maria-Luise |coauthors= |format= |work=Italien Artists in Austria |publisher= |pages= |language=German |quote= ] cite web |url=http://aia.art-platform.com/allio_andrea_djue.htm|title=Andrea Allio der Jüngere |accessmonthday=11-19 |accessyear=2007 |author= |last=Storch|first=Maria-Luise |coauthors= |format= |work=Italien Artists in Austria |publisher= |pages= |language=German |quote= ] cite web |url=http://aia.art-platform.com/carlone_silvestro.htm |title=Silvestro Carlone |accessmonthday=11-19 |accessyear=2007 |author= |last=Menin |first=Patrizia |coauthors= |format= |work=Italien Artists in Austria |publisher= |pages= |language=German |quote= ] In the process, the length of the church was somewhat reduced, with the result that the tower no longer stands directly beside the basilica.After the Turkish siege, the church was restored again. As the baroque west tower was barely higher than the facade itself, its extension has often been discussed, but these plans have never come to fruition. The choir tower was dedicated only in the year 1893.
Interior
Inside, the church is now in high-baroque style with several chapels.
Joachim von Sandrart provided the church with a new altar-piece, which today is kept in the prelates' hall.Between 1883-1889, the high altar was built after sketches of Heinrich Ferstel, with
Innsbruck glass mosaics by Michael Riese.Julius Schmid (Austrian, 1854-1935) was artist for the fine ceiling paintings.Trivia
* The great Baroque musician
Johann Fux was its organist around 1690.
* After composerJoseph Haydn died in Vienna, a great memorial service was held in the Schottenkirche on June 15, 1809, at whichMozart ’s Requiem K.626 was performed.
* Noted film directorFritz Lang was born in the parish and baptized in the Schottenkirche.Notes
See also
*
Hiberno-Scottish mission References
*cite book |last=Berger |first=Wilibald |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=1966 |month= |title=Schottenstift zu Wien |pages= |id= |url= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |quote= | language = German | publisher = Orac |location= Wien
*Cite book | last = Ferenczy| first = Heinrich | coauthors = Merth, Christoph | title = Schottenstift und seine Kunstwerke | date = 1980|isbn=3853688694External links
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