Frederick V, Elector Palatine

Frederick V ( _de. Friedrich V.) (August 26 1596 – November 29 1632) was Elector Palatine (1610–23), and, as Frederick I ( _cs. Fridrich Falcký), King of Bohemia (1619–20, for his short reign here often nicknamed the Winter King, Czech "Zimní král"). He was the son and heir of Frederick IV and of Louise Juliana of Nassau, the daughter of William I of Orange and Charlotte de Bourbon-Monpensier.

Frederick was born at the "Jagdschloss" (Hunting Lodge) Deinschwang near Amberg in the Upper Palatinate. In 1610, he - an intellectual, a mystic, and a Calvinist - succeeded his father as Prince-Elector of the Rhenish Palatinate in 1610.

In 1618 the Protestant estates of Bohemia rebelled against the Roman Catholic King Ferdinand II and offered the crown of Bohemia to Frederick, chosing him since he was the leader of the Protestant Union, an military alliance founded by his father. Frederick duly accepted the crown, which triggerd the outbreak of the Thirty Years War,

Frederick's father-in-law, James I of England, opposed the takeover of Bohemia from the Habsburgs. Additionally, Frederick's allies in the Protestant Union failed to support him militarily by signing the Treaty of Ulm (1620). His brief reign as King of Bohemia ended with his defeat at the Battle of White Mountain on November 8, 1620 — a year and four days after his coronation. This earned him the derisive nickname of 'the Winter King'. After this battle, the Imperial forces invaded Frederick's Palatinate lands and he had flee to Holland in 1622. An Imperial edict formally deprived him of the Palatinate in 1623. He lived the rest of his life in exile with his wife and family, mostly at the Hague, before passing away in Mainz in 1632.

His eldest surviving son Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine returned to power in 1648 with the end of the war. His daughter Princess Sophia was eventually named heiress presumptive to the British throne, and was the founder of the Hanoverian line of kings.

Ancestry

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1= 1. Frederick V, Elector Palatine
2= 2. Frederick IV, Elector Palatine
3= 3. Louise Juliana von Orange-Nassau
4= 4. Louis VI, Elector Palatine
5= 5. Elisabeth of Hesse
6= 6. Prince William I of Orange
7= 7. Charlotte de Bourbon-Montpensier
8= 8. Frederick III, Elector Palatine
9= 9. Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
10= 10. Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse
11= 11. Christine of Saxony
12= 12. William VIII, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg
13= 13. Juliana of Stolberg-Wernigerode
14= 14. Louis II of Bourbon-Montpensier, Duke of Montpensier
15= 15. Jacqueline de Longwy
16= 16. John II, Duke of Simmern
17= 17. Beatrice of Baden
18= 18. Casimir, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
19= 19. Susanna of Bavaria
20= 20. William II, Landgrave of Hesse
21= 21. Anna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
22= 22. George, Duke of Saxony
23= 23. Barbara of Poland
24= 24. John V, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg
25= 25. Elizabeth of Hesse-Marburg
26= 26. Bodo VIII, Count of Stolberg-Wernigerode
27= 27. Anna of Eppenstein-Königstein-Rochefort
28= 28. Louis I of Bourbon, Prince of Roche
29= 29. Louise of Bourbon-Montpensier
30= 30. Jean IV de Longwy, Seigneur de Givry-Bar
31= 31. Jeanne d'Orléans

Family and children

He married Elizabeth Stuart, the daughter of James I of England and of Anne of Denmark in the Chapel Royal, Whitehall on February 14 1613 and had the following children:

# Frederick Henry (1614–1629)—(drowned)
# Charles Louis (1617–1680), became Elector Palatine in 1648
# Elisabeth (1618–1680)
# Rupert (1619–1682) of English Civil War fame.
# Maurice (1620–1652) who also served in the English Civil War.
# Louise Hollandine (1622–1709)
# Louis (1624–1625)
# Edward (1625–1663)
# Henrietta Maria (1626–1651)
# John Philip Frederick (1627–1650)
# Charlotte (1628–1631)
# Sophia (1630–1714), married Elector Ernest Augustus of Hanover; heiress of England by the Act of Settlement, 1701
# Gustavus Adolphus (1632–1641)

References

*Citation | last = Yates | first = Frances | author-link = Frances_Yates
title = The Rosicrucian Enlightenment | publisher = Routledge and Kegan Paul
year = 1972 | place = London | isbn = 0710073801

External links

"A declaration of the cavses, for the which, wee Frederick, by the grace of God King Bohemia, Covnt Palatine of the Rhine, Elector of the Sacred Empire, & c. haue accepted of the crowne of Bohemia, and of the covntryes thereunto annexed." [http://www.aquinas.edu/history/research.html]