WWMK

Infobox Radio Station
name = WWMK


area = Greater Cleveland
branding = Radio Disney
slogan = Your Music, Your Way!
airdate = April 30, 1950 as WDOK (AM)
frequency = 1260 (kHz) HD Radio
format = Children
power = 10,000 watts (daytime) 5,000 watts (nighttime)
class =
owner = Disney/ABC Radio
website = [http://www.radiodisney.com/ www.radiodisney.com]
former_callsigns = WMIH (1995-1998) WRDZ (1988-1995) WMJI (1987-1988) WBBG (1978-1987) WMGC (1976-1978) WIXY (1965-1976) WDOK (1950-1965)
callsign_meaning = MicKey Mouse

WWMK AM 1260 is the Radio Disney affiliate in Cleveland, Ohio, and is owned by ABC Radio. Its studios are located at 175 Ken Mar Industrial Parkway in Broadview Heights, and its five-tower transmitter is located about 2.2 miles away on Snowville Road in front of I-77 in Brecksville. Since October 2006, the station has broadcast in IBOC HD Radio.

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, this station was known as "WIXY 1260", and became the most-listened to—and best remembered—station in the entire Cleveland market. It later became a popular pop standards station as WBBG in the mid 1980s, and later a religious station as WRDZ and WMIH.

History

Early years

The station began on April 30, 1950 as WDOK when Wayne Mack resigned his position at WGAR (AM) to establish the station with Frederick C. Wolf and chief engineer Morris Pierce, who became station president. [http://www.cleve-radio.com/index2.htm#WDOK-AM WDOK (AM) History] , Cleveland Broadcast Radio Archives Project. Retrieved on 2007-01-01.] Wolf himself was a longtime ethnic broadcaster on Cleveland stations WHK, WJAY and WGAR, in addition to being the founder of Cleveland Recording Co. for the production of spot commercials, nationality music and auditions.cite book
last = Van Tassel
first = David D., ed.
authorlink =
coauthors = John J. Grabowski, ed.
title = The Dictionary of Cleveland Biography
publisher = Indiana University Press
year = 1996
location = Bloomington
pages = pp.493–94
url = http://ech.case.edu/ech-cgi/article.pl?id=WFC2
doi =
id = ISBN 0-253-33055-6
accessdate = 2007-01-01 ]

Early programming was highlighted by Wayne Mack's imaginary concert programs such as "Hometown Band Concert", "Candlelight Concert" and "Waltz Palace." WDOK's format was soon simulcast full-time on WDOK 102.1-FM, which originated as WEWS-FM in 1950. Throughout the 1950s and early 1960s the station maintained a format of adult standards, although it did buck contemporary music trends by broadcasting two hours of classical music programming each night. By 1957 WDOK also was the radio home for eighteen different nationality programs, most of them broadcast on Sundays. Wolf sold his stake in WDOK and WDOK-FM to Transcontinent Television Corp. of New York in 1962.

Meanwhile crosstown, in the early 1960s Top 40 radio was flourishing led by KYW and WHK. In July 1964 three account executives at WHK—Norman Wain, Bob Weiss and Joe Zingale—quit their jobs to form Westchester Corporation. They purchased WFASdn in White Plains, New York (located in Westchester County, hence "Westchester Corporation") in December 1964 and honed their skills in running a Top 40 station. They returned to Cleveland the following year and purchased WDOK and WDOK-FM in November 1965. [http://www.cleve-radio.com/index2.htm#WIXY-AM%20/%20WMGC-AM WIXY/WMGC History] , Cleveland Broadcast Radio Archives Project. Retrieved on 2007-01-01.]

"WIXY 1260"

On December 12, 1965 the AM station became WIXY, billing itself as "WIXY 1260" (pronounced "Wicksy Twelve Sixty"). The new call sign was similar to WXYZ in Detroit - and which also used the "Wixie" nickname - and also was selected for its rhyming with the 1260 frequency. The initial on-air lineup included Al Gates, Howie Lund, Johnny Michaels, Johnny Canton, Mark Allen and Bobby Magic. Allen later moved on to Chicago's WCFL under the name Bob Dearborn. The news staff included Bob Engel, Fred Griffith and Gary Ritchie.

WIXY soon began to dominate Top 40 radio in Cleveland, despite its having a weaker signal than either WKYC (formerly KYW) or WHK. In 1966 WIXY sponsored The Beatles second concert in Cleveland on August 14. (WHK had sponsored the first concert in 1964.) DJs who are remembered for their stint at WIXY during the late 1960s and early 1970s include Mike Reineri, Dick "Wilde Childe" Kemp, Larry "the Duker" Morrow (who settled in Cleveland after a stint as "Duke Windsor" on CKLW), Billy Bass, Lou "The King" Kirby, and Jackson Armstrong (a.k.a. Big Jack Armstrong "Your Leader" ).

WDOK-FM was, however, left untouched and still programmed by Wayne Mack. When Westchester Corporation saw the growing and devoted listener base that their largely ignored FM station was developing, WDOK was branded "Stereo Cleveland—Beautiful Music for the land of the Western Reserve." While the FM station soon passed over into separate ownership, Wayne Mack stayed at WDOK until 1980, and died in October 2000.

In 1969, Westchester Corporation took the format to the Pittsburgh market, purchasing WMCK in suburban McKeesport, Pennsylvania and changing the calls to WIXZ. The Pittsburgh-area station used the same graphics and jingles as the Cleveland station - it was called "WIXZ 1360" (pronounced "Wick-zee Thirteen Sixty") - but failed to impact Pittsburgh as it had Cleveland, putting only a dent in the dominance of Top 40 leader KQV. One of the jocks at WIXZ, Jeff Christie, later went on to national fame under his real name of Rush Limbaugh. The Top 40 format at WIXZ lasted in various forms until 1974, and the call letters remained in place until it became talk station WPTT in 1999.

The local ownership of WIXY was gobbled up by larger communications corporations in the 1970s. Wain, Weiss and Zingale merged Westchester Corporation into Globetrotter Communications for $14.3 million dollars in December 1971. Combined Communications (later Gannett) purchased Globetrotter in May 1975.

From talk to oldies to big band

With the emergence of FM radio, the era of AM Top 40 radio drew to a close. On July 19, 1976, WIXY became WMGC (or "Magic"), and the format switched to "adult rock." The station adopted the slogan "Get Your Rock Soft", which raised some eyebrows when it appeared in ads and billboards around town.

The adult rock format lasted less than three years. On April 14, 1979, the station became WBBG and switched to talk radio. The original lineup included several veteran Cleveland radio personalities—Bill Gordon, Cynthia Smith, Ted Alexander, Bill Randle, Ed Fisher, Bruce Drennan with "Sportstalk", and Merle Pollis. [http://www.cleve-radio.com/index2.htm#WBBG-AM WBBG History] , Cleveland Broadcast Radio Archives Project. Retrieved on 2007-01-01.]

WBBG's talk format never caught on, so the station turned to an oldies format briefly before finding success with a big band-based music format programmed by local radio veteran Jim Davis. The station enjoyed much success including "Billboard Station of the Year" (for its format) in 1983 with a nomination for "Program Director of the Year" going to Davis. During its glory years (July 1981-October 1987) on-air talent, in addition to Davis included Al James, Tom Armstrong, Bill Randle, Carl Reese, Ronnie Barrett, Dick Conrad, John Webster, Ted Alexander, Joe Black and Jack Renyolds.

Ownership of WBBG and sister FM station WWWM passed from Embrescia Communications (led by Tom Embrescia) to Robinson Communications (led by local civic leader and jeweler Larry Robinson) on October 27, 1981. (WWWM's calls changed to WMJI six months later.) Robinson, in turn, sold the stations to media giant Jacor Communications on September 19, 1984. [http://www.cleve-radio.com/index2.htm#WMJI-FM WMJI-FM History] , Cleveland Broadcast Radio Archives Project. Retrieved on 2007-01-01.]

WBBG's call letters (originally stood for "Boys from Bowling Green") [http://www.cleve-radio.com/index2.htm#CALL%20LETTERS Call Letters] , Cleveland Broadcast Radio Archives Project. Retrieved on 2007-01-01.] soon took the meaning "Big Band Grandstand." After an attempt by Robinson to repurchase WBBG [cite news
last = Dyer
first = Bob
coauthors =
title = Larry J.B. Robinson buying WBBG Radio
work =
pages = B5
language =
publisher = Akron Beacon Journal
date = July 22, 1987
url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_action=doc&p_docid=0EB627F997BEFFB6&p_docnum=32&p_queryname=NaN&p_product=NewsBank&p_theme=aggregated4&p_nbid=S5BE4BXHMTE3NDMyOTM3OC4zMTc4OTA6MToxMjo2Ni4yMTMuMTUuMTU
accessdate = 2007-03-19 ] so that Jacor could buy WWWE [cite news
last = Dyer
first = Bob
coauthors =
title = Modell Reaps Tidy Profit on Radio Stations
work =
pages = C8
language =
publisher = Akron Beacon Journal
date = August 5, 1987
url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_action=doc&p_docid=0EB62804C8C5C231&p_docnum=30&p_queryname=NaN&p_product=NewsBank&p_theme=aggregated4&p_nbid=S5BE4BXHMTE3NDMyOTM3OC4zMTc4OTA6MToxMjo2Ni4yMTMuMTUuMTU
accessdate = 2007-03-19 ] collapsed, the big-band format was dumped on October 29, 1987, and Jacor simulcast the air signal of WMJI-FM 105.7 on the AM station [cite news
last = Dyer
first = Bob
coauthors =
title = WBBG Changing its Tune: Sister Station's Signal Carried
work =
pages = C14
language =
publisher = Akron Beacon Journal
date = October 29, 1987
url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_action=doc&p_docid=0EB628305CFC2E9B&p_docnum=26&p_queryname=NaN&p_product=NewsBank&p_theme=aggregated4&p_nbid=S5BE4BXHMTE3NDMyOTM3OC4zMTc4OTA6MToxMjo2Ni4yMTMuMTUuMTU
accessdate = 2007-03-19 ] . The AM call sign was changed to WMJI on November 24, 1987 [http://svartifoss2.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/cdbs/pubacc/prod/call_hist.pl?Facility_id=17015&Callsign=WWMK Call Sign History for WWMK] , from FCC'S AM station database. Retrieved 2007-01-01. Note that it only goes back to WMJI (AM).] to match the FM station's (which legally became WMJI-FM for the interim). The big band format - and program director Jim Davis - soon migrated over to crosstown station WRMR.

Later years

After a few months of FM simulcasting, Jacor sold the station to Gore-Overgaard Broadcasting (led by Harold W. Gore and Cordell J. Overgaard), a Christian organization who brought a format of religious programming and gospel music. The call sign was changed to WRDZ on July 1, 1988. Under Gore-Overgaard ownership, the station received permission to double its daytime power from 5,000 to 10,000 watts, although the upgrade was not accomplished until Divine Mercy Communications, Ltd. purchased and installed the new transmitter provided for in the license change.

In early 1995 the station was purchased by Divine Mercy Communications Ltd., and it brought the format of Catholic programming. Under new call letters WMIH (for Mary's Immaculate Heart), which were adopted on February 23, 1995, the station was purported to be the first commercial Catholic radio station in the country. [cite news
last = Santiago
first = Roberto
coauthors =
title = Station going Catholic
work =
pages = 10E
language =
publisher = The Plain Dealer
date = October 29, 1994
url = http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:CPDB&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0F807DCFA8715EED&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated4&req_dat=0D1C2ED46ABD2E15
accessdate = 2007-01-01 ]

The station inaugurated its new format on February 22 by broadcasting a noon mass live from St. John's Cathedral celebrated by Bishop Anthony Pilla. [http://www.cleve-radio.com/index2.htm#WMIH-AM WMIH History] , Cleveland Broadcast Radio Archives Project. Retrieved 2007-01-01.] Regular programming centered on a live morning drive-time program called "Genesis", hosted by Fr. Wally Hyclack and Cleveland broadcast veteran Bob Tayek, which featured NBC Radio news and local newsmaker interviews, and an evening drive program, named "Homeward Bound", with a local call-in format on current topics.

Mid-day programming included a live local two-hour talk show called "Ave Maria", a local information and spiritual support program called the "Living Word" with Cleveland nun Sr. Juanita Sheely, broadcasts of various Catholic speakers, in a program called "Catholic Classroom", which included Bishop Fulton Sheen's programs from the 1950s. In addition, the station produced live daily Mass from St. John's Cathedral and carried regular installments of the English versions of Vatican broadcasts.

WMIH also produced live play-by-play coverage of Cleveland St. Ignatius high school football and basketball games, both home and away, as well as live remotes from Cleveland-area Catholic events, such as the Feast of the Assumption in Cleveland's Little Italy. The station also provided its own live, on-location coverage of Pope John Paul II's entire trip to New York and Baltimore in 1995 [cite news
last = Brown
first = Roger
coauthors =
title = Focus helps keep WZJM jamming
work =
pages = 5E
language =
publisher = The Plain Dealer
date = September 27, 1995
url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_action=doc&p_docid=0F8085CECB74FBFC&p_docnum=25&p_queryname=NaN&p_product=NewsBank&p_theme=aggregated4&p_nbid=P4CG46BEMTE2ODIwNTQ5OC40NjY0MTc6MTo2Om5jZGNwbA
accessdate = 2007-01-07 ] , with coverage anchored by owner Steve Kurdziel and local reports from Cuyahoga County Commissioner Lee Weingart [cite news
last =
first =
coauthors =
title = Local GOP gets Wires Crossed
work = "Perspective"
pages = 3C
language =
publisher = The Plain Dealer
date = October 8, 1995
url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_action=doc&p_docid=0F808616CF5AB621&p_docnum=24&p_queryname=NaN&p_product=NewsBank&p_theme=aggregated4&p_nbid=P4CG46BEMTE2ODIwNTQ5OC40NjY0MTc6MTo2Om5jZGNwbA
accessdate = 2007-01-07 ] .

Radio Disney

thumb|right|"Birthday Salute" letterhead for WWMK, circa 2002. Despite the innovative programming produced by WMIH, and the devoted listenership from the Catholic community in Cleveland, Divine Mercy ended up having serious financial trouble in maintaining that original programming, which emphasized local hosts and remote coverage of sports and other events. [cite news
last = Brown
first = Roger
coauthors =
title = Buying Frenzy to Begin for Top Stations
work =
pages = 6E
language =
publisher = The Plain Dealer
date = October 13, 1997
url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_action=doc&p_docid=0F80CCDE09B5422F&p_docnum=6&p_queryname=NaN&p_product=NewsBank&p_theme=aggregated4&p_nbid=A53Y44WAMTE3NDI2NzQ0NS40MzQzNDA6MTo2Om5jZGNwbA
accessdate = 2007-03-18 ]

At the same time, ABC Radio was looking for an outlet for its Radio Disney in the Cleveland market, and it purchased the station. It took over the station on May 1, 1998. [cite news
last = Santiago
first = Roberto
coauthors =
title = FCC May say Six Stations are too Many for Jacor
work =
pages = 3E
language =
publisher = The Plain Dealer
date = May 11, 1998
url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_action=doc&p_docid=0F80CFF5C59D442A&p_docnum=3&p_queryname=NaN&p_product=NewsBank&p_theme=aggregated4&p_nbid=A53Y44WAMTE3NDI2NzQ0NS40MzQzNDA6MTo2Om5jZGNwbA
accessdate = 2007-03-18 ] , and the call sign was changed to WWMK on December 4.

Since then, the station has relayed the network on a 24-hour basis. The only local show of note on WWMK is the public-affairs show "The Backyard Show", at 7:00 a.m. on Sunday mornings. WWMK is also one of two AM stations in the Cleveland area that is currently broadcasting in IBOC HD Radio, the other one being WTAM.

Listeners within the WWMK coverage area can have their name announced on Radio Disney AM 1260's Birthday Salute durning commercial breaks. The salutes can be heard between 7 to 8 AM, 4 to 6 PM, and 7 to 8 PM.

Coverage Map

As can be seen on the two maps below, the station's daytime coverage area is poor on the east and south-east side of the Cleveland area, with most of its signal going over Lake Erie towards Ontario. As WWMK is a directional AM radio station, this was done by design.

References

External links

* [http://www.radiodisney.com Official Radio Disney site (with streaming audio)]
* [http://radio.disney.go.com/music/yourstation/cleveland/index.html Cleveland page on radiodisney.com]
* [http://www.radio-locator.com/cgi-bin/finder?call=wwmk&is_unl=Y&is_lic=Y&is_cp=Y&sr=Y&s=C&sid= Radio Locator information on WWMK]
*AMQ|WWMK
* [http://maps.google.com/maps?q=41.286111,++-81.642778+(WWMK+Transmitter)&t=k&iwloc=A&hl=en Aerial photo of WWMK transmitter from Google Local]
* [http://www.wixy1260.com/ WIXY 1260 tribute site]
* [http://www.retroradiotop40.com Retro Radio "WIXY 1260" tribute show with Joe Madigan]