Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site

Infobox Protected area
name = Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site
iucn_category =

---

caption =
locator_x = 198
locator_y = 92
location = Hodgenville, Kentucky, USA
nearest_city =
lat_degrees = 37
lat_minutes = 31
lat_seconds = 52
lat_direction = N
long_degrees = 85
long_minutes = 44
long_seconds = 15
long_direction = W
area = 344.50 acres (1.39 km²)
established = July 17, 1916
visitation_num = 202,950
visitation_year = 2007
governing_body = National Park Service

Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site preserves two farm sites where Abraham Lincoln lived as a child.

In the fall of 1808, Thomas and Nancy Lincoln settled on Sinking Spring Farm. Today this site bears the address of 2995 Lincoln Farm Road, Hodgenville, Kentucky. Two months later on February 12, 1809, Abraham Lincoln was born in a one-room log cabin. A cabin, symbolic of the one in which Lincoln was born, is preserved in a memorial building at the site. The Lincolns lived and farmed at Sinking Spring before moving to land a few miles away at Knob Creek, which is located a few miles to the northeast along U.S. Highway 31.__NOTOC__

Memorial Building

A Beaux-Arts neo-classical Memorial Building was designed by John Russell Pope for the birthplace site. In 1909 the cornerstone was laid by President Theodore Roosevelt and the building was dedicated in 1911 by William Howard Taft.cite web | last =Robert W. | first =Blythe | coauthors =Maureen Carrol, Steven Moffson | title =Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site: Historic Resource Study | publisher =National Park Service | date =July 2001 | url =http://www.nps.gov/abli/historyculture/upload/ABLI_Historic_Resource_Study.pdf | format =PDF | accessdate =2008-02-13] Almost a hundred years after Thomas Lincoln moved from Sinking Spring Farm, the log cabin was placed inside the Memorial Building. The Memorial Building features 16 windows, 16 rosettes on the ceiling, and 16 fence poles, representing Lincoln being the 16th president. There are 56 steps leading up to the building, representing his age at the time of his death.

The log cabin

The original log cabin that Lincoln is reputed to have been born in was dismantled sometime prior to 1865. Local tradition held that some of the logs from the cabin were used in construction of a nearby house. New York businessman A.W. Dennett purchased the Lincoln farm in 1894 and used the logs from this house to create a cabin which approximated the appearance of the original cabin Lincoln was born in on a site near the Sinking Spring, but shortly thereafter it was again dismantled and re-erected for exhibition in many cities. Eventually, the logs for this cabin, along with logs reputed to belong to Jefferson Davis' birthplace.

The logs for both cabins, with a possible third cabin mixed in, were purchased by the Lincoln Farm Association (LFA) under the belief that only the Lincoln logs were included. When reassembly of the cabin was attempted, the problem was realized. The LFA ended up building a cabin very similar to the one build by Dennett. When the rebuilt cabin was placed in the Memorial Building, the size of the cabin made visitor circulation difficult so the LFA sawed the ends off the logs to reduce the size of the cabin from 16-by-18 feet to 12-by-17 feet.

Today, the veracity of the claim that these logs are from Lincoln's birth cabin have been largely seen as inaccurate.

In his book "It All Started With Columbus", satirical writer Richard Armour stated that Lincoln had been born in three states and also "in two cabins - the original, and the reconstructed."

Knob Creek

Knob Creek features a log cabin and a historic tavern. The log cabin is not original to the site, but may have belonged to neighbors of the Lincolns, and was moved to the approximate location of the Lincolns' home. Abraham Lincoln's earliest memory was his near drowning in Knob Creek, and being saved by the neighbor's son.

Administrative history

The original Memorial was constructed by the Lincoln Farm Association. In 1916, they donated the Memorial to the Federal government which established the Abraham Lincoln National Park on July 17, 1916. The War Department administered the site until August 10, 1933 when it was transferred to the National Park Service. It was designated as the Abraham Lincoln National Historical Park on August 11, 1939. It was renamed and re-designated to its current designation as a National Historic Site on September 8, 1959. As with all historic sites administered by the National Park Service, the site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966. Boundary expanded to include Knob Creek on November 6, 1998.

ee also

* Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial
* Lincoln Home National Historic Site
* New Salem, Menard County, Illinois
* Lincoln Log Cabin State Historic Site
* Ford's Theatre National Historic Site
* Lincoln's Tomb
* Lincoln Memorial
* Mount Rushmore National Memorial
* Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum
* United States Presidential Memorial

References

* "The National Parks: Index 2001–2003". Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior.

External links

* Official NPS website: [http://www.nps.gov/abli/ Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site]
* Map links
** Sinking Spring/Birthplace: coord|37|31|52|N|85|44|15|W|
** Knob Creek/Boyhood Home: coord|37|36|41|N|85|38|18|W|