Metabolic water

Metabolic water

Metabolic water refers to water created inside a living organism through their metabolism, by oxidizing energy-containing substances in their food. Metabolism of fat produces about 1020 grams of water per 100 grams,[1] protein 41.3 grams, and starch 55.1 g.[2]

Some organisms, especially xerocoles, animals living in the desert, rely exclusively on metabolic water. Migratory birds must rely exclusively on metabolic water production while making non-stop flights.[3][4] Humans, by contrast, obtain only about 8-10% of their water needs through metabolic water production.[5]

In mammals, the water produced from metabolism of protein roughly equals the amount needed to excrete the urea which is a byproduct of the metabolism of protein.[5] Birds, however, excrete uric acid and can have a net gain of water from the metabolism of protein.

References

  1. ^ http://www.biochem.arizona.edu/classes/bioc460/spring/rlm/RLM34.1.html
  2. ^ http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O39-metabolicwater.html
  3. ^ http://dissertations.ub.rug.nl/faculties/science/2005/s.b.engel/
  4. ^ Klaassen M (1996). "Metabolic constraints on long-distance migration in birds". J Exp Biol 199 (Pt 1): 57–64. PMID 9317335. http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9317335. 
  5. ^ a b Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources (BANR), Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition (2003), p. 144. [1]

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