List of towns and cities in England by historical population

List of towns and cities in England by historical population

This is a list of the largest cities and towns of England ordered by population at various points during history. Until the first modern census was conducted in 1801 there was no centrally-conducted method of determining the populations of England's settlements at any one time, and so data has to be used from a number of other historical surveys. The lists below are derived from the best available data and the ordering is in many cases only approximate.

Pre-Roman England

Roman England

Immediately following the invasion of 43BC, the Romans set up several major camps. The largest of these were, in order, Londinium (London), Camulodunum (Colchester), and Verulamium (St Albans). Over the three centuries of Roman rule, the importance of other settlements grew and by the end of their rule, the largest were Londinium, Corinium Dobunnorum (Cirencester), Verulamium, Viroconium Cornoviorum (Wroxeter), and Eboracum (York).Fact|date=July 2008

Anglo-Saxon England

Norman Conquest

The Norman Conquest of 1066 changed the demographics of England, with many settlements having being destroyed by the invading army. [cite web|url=http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/life.html|title=Life in the 11th century|publisher=The Domesday Book Online] In 1086, William the Conqueror ordered the creation of the Domesday Book, a systematic survey of the kingdom of England. Over 100 settlements were classified as "borough" status and the number of houses or burgesses were counted. Nonetheless, it is not possible to be sure of the exact population of any settlement and the table below is ordered by the recorded number of houses. London was comfortably the largest borough in England and has remained so ever since, though was not included in the Domesday survey, nor were Winchester, Bristol or Tamworth and so their exact size must be estimated. [cite web|url=http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/domesday/discover-domesday/great-domesday.htm|title=Great Domesday - Areas Covered|publisher=The National Archives] [cite web|url=http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/domesday/world-of-domesday/towns.htm|title=Domesday Book - Life in towns and villages|publisher=The National Archives]

1523

Nineteenth Century

The Census Act 1800 resulted in Great Britain's first modern census a year later, and other than 1941 a census has been taken every ten years since. [cite web|url=http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/RdLeaflet.asp?sLeafletID=105&j=1|title=The Census, 1801-1901: Statistical Reports|publisher=The National Archives] The resulting populations of England's towns and cities clearly shows the effect of the Industrial Revolution on the urban population, particularly in the growth of the cities of the north and north-west. The data in the tables are taken from the censuses.

Rankings by year

1801

Twentieth Century

Measurement of the population of England's towns and cities during the twentieth century is complicated by determining what forms a separate "town" and where its exact boundaries lie, with boundaries often being moved. The lists are those of the constituent towns and cities, as opposed to those of the district or conurbation. For example Salford is measured separately to Manchester, and Gateshead to Newcastle. The only exception to this is London for which the measure is that of Greater London. See English cities by population for further discussion.

Rankings by year

1901

1971

References

ee also

*List of towns and cities in England by population
*Demography of England - for the population of England at various points in history.

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