Grete Sultan

Grete Sultan (born Johanna Margarete Sultan) (June 21, 1906 – June 26, 2005) was a German-American pianist.

Born in Berlin into a musical family, she studied piano from an early age with American pianist Richard Buhlig, and later with Leonid Kreutzer and Edwin Fischer. In 1933, after the National Socialists came to power, she was, as all Jews were, banned from playing in public and could only appear in concerts of the "Juedischer Kulturbund" (Jewish Culture Association).

With Buhlig's help, Sultan fled Germany in 1941 via Lisbon, from where she emigrated to the United States by ship. She settled in New York City and took up piano teaching, first at Vassar College and the 92nd Street Y, then at the Masters' School in Dobbs Ferry, NY. In early 1930s she met the composer John Cage and became good friends with him, [Revill, 41.] and it was through Sultan that Cage met one of her students, Christian Wolff, who gave Cage his first copy of the "I Ching"—a book that shaped Cage's composition methods during the subsequent decades.

Cage dedicated two pieces to Sultan. The first was part of his "Music for Piano" series, "Music for Piano 53–68". [Revill, 185.] In 1974, when Sultan started learning Cage's "Music of Changes", the composer offered to write some new music for her, and the result was a monumental piano cycle, "Etudes Australes". [Kostelanets 2003, 91.] Sultan made the premiere recording of the work and played it in concerts worldwide. She also performed the music of Alan Hovhaness and Tui St. George Tucker, but contemporary composers were not the only ones that interested her: in the 1940s she helped popularize Bach's "Goldberg Variations", and her concert programs included music from Schubert and Stravinsky to Earle Brown and Morton Feldman.

Sultan gave her last recital in 1996, aged 90, at New York's Merkin Concert Hall, performing the "Goldberg Variations". She died in a Manhattan hospital five days after her 99th birthday, of pneumonia complications.

Discography

* John Cage: Etudes Australes {Wergo B000025RQQ}
* "Grete Sultan - The Legacy, Vol. 1": Bach ("Goldberg-Variations"), Debussy, Schoenberg and Cage {Concord 42030}
* "Grete Sultan - The Legacy, Vol. 2": Beethoven ("Diabelli Variations"), Copland, Wolpe, Hovhaness, Cage u.a. {Labor 7038-2}
* "Grete Sultan - The Legacy, Vol. 3": Schumann (Fantasia C-Dur), Schubert (Sonata a-moll) (in preparation)
* "Grete Sultan - The Legacy, Vol. 4": Sonaten für Klavier und Violoncello von Beethoven with Eva Heinitz (in preparation)

References

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* Kostelanetz, Richard. 2003. "Conversing with John Cage". New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-93792-2
* Revill, David. 1993. "The Roaring Silence: John Cage – a Life". Arcade Publishing. ISBN-10: 1559702206, ISBN-13: 978-1559702201

Notes