Alcathous, son of Pelops

For other uses of this name, see Alcathous.

Alcathous (Gr. Ἀλκάθοος) was in Greek mythology the son of Pelops and Hippodamia,^[1] and brother of Atreus and Thyestes. He first married Pyrgo and afterwards Euaechme, and was the father of Echepolis (Ἐχεπολις), Callipolis (Καλλίπολις), Iphinoe (Ἰφινόη), Periboea (Περίβοια), and Automedusa (Αὐτομέδουσα).^[2][3]

Pausanias relates that after Euippus, son of king Megareus, was killed by the Cythaeronian lion, Megareus, whose elder son Timalcus had likewise fallen by the hands of Theseus, offered his daughter Euaechme and his kingdom to anyone who could slay the lion.^[4] Alcathous undertook the task, killed the lion, and thus obtained Euaechme for his wife, and afterwards became the successor of Megareus. In gratitude for this success, he built at Megara a temple of Artemis Agrotera and Apollo Agraeus. He also restored the walls of Megara, which had been destroyed by the Cretans.^[5] In this work he was said to have been assisted by Apollo, and the stone upon which the god used to place his lyre while he was at work, was even in late times believed to produce a sound similar to that of a lyre when struck.^[6][7][8][9]

Echepolis, one of the sons of Alcathous, was killed during the Calydonian hunt in Aetolia, and when his brother Callipolis hastened to carry the sad tidings to his father, he found him engaged in offering a sacrifice to Apollo, and thinking it unfit to offer sacrifices at such a moment, he snatched away the wood from the altar. Alcathous imagining this to be an act of deliberate sacrilege, killed his son on the spot with a piece of wood.^[10] The acropolis of Megara was called by a name derived from that of Alcathous.^[10]

Alcathous was grandfather of the hero Ajax, via his daughter Periboea, who married Telamon.

References

1. ^ Smith, William (1867). "Alcathous (1)". In William Smith. Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. 1. Boston: Little, Brown and Company. pp. 97–98. http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/0106.html. 
2. ^ Pausanias, '"Description of Greece i. 42. § 1, 4, 43. § 4
3. ^ Apollodorus, ii. 4. § 11, iii. 12. § 7
4. ^ Pausanias, Description of Greece i. 41. § 4
5. ^ Pausanias, Description of Greece i. 41. § 5
6. ^ Pausanias, Description of Greece i. 42. § 1
7. ^ Ovid, Metamorphoses viii. 15, &c.
8. ^ Virgil, Cir. 105
9. ^ Hesiod, Theogony 751
10. ^ ^{a b} Pausanias, Description of Greece i. 42. § 7

This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology by William Smith (1870).