Cell-free protein synthesis
- Cell-free protein synthesis
Cell-free protein synthesis (also called in-vitro protein synthesis), is the production of protein without the use of living cells.
History
The first elucidation of a codon was done by Marshall Nirenberg and Heinrich J. Matthaei in 1961 at the National Institutes of Health. They used a cell-free system to translate a poly-uracil RNA sequence (or UUUUU... in biochemical terms) and discovered that the polypeptide they had synthesized consisted of only the amino acid phenylalanine. They thereby deduced from this poly-phenylalanine that the codon UUU specified the amino-acid phenylalanine [neur] . Extending this work, Nirenberg and his coworkers were able to determine the nucleotide makeup of each codon
Cell-free systems in common use.
* E. coli
* Wheat Germ
* Rabbit Reticulocyte
References
* http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=223178&blobtype=pdf
* http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/242/4882/1162
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