Reef lobster

Reef lobster

Taxobox
name = Reef lobsters


image_width = 250px
image_caption = "Enoplometopus daumi", purple reef lobster
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Arthropoda
subphylum = Crustacea
classis = Malacostraca
ordo = Decapoda
subordo = Pleocyemata
infraordo = Astacidea
superfamilia = Enoplometopoidea cite journal |quotes=no |author=Michèle de Saint Laurent |year=1988 |title=Enoplometopoidea, nouvelle superfamille de Crustacés Décapodes Astacidea |journal=C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris |volume=t. 307, Série III |pages=59–62]
superfamilia_authority = De Saint Laurent, 1988
familia = Enoplometopidae
familia_authority = De Saint Laurent, 1988
genus = "Enoplometopus"
genus_authority = A. Milne Edwards, 1862
subdivision_ranks = Species [cite journal |quotes=no |author=J. Poupin |year=2003 |title=Reef lobsters "Enoplometopus" A. Milne Edwards, 1862 from French Polynesia, with a brief revision of the genus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Enoplometopidae) |journal=Zoosystema |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=643–664]
subdivision = "E. antillensis" Lütken, 1865
"E. callistus" Intès and Le Loeuff, 1970
"E. chacei" Kensley and Child, 1986
"E. crosnieri" Chan and Yu, 1998
"E. daumi" Holthuis, 1983
"E. debelius" Holthuis, 1983
"E. gracilipes" (De Saint Laurent, 1988)
"E. holthuisi" Gordon,dn 1968
"E. occidentalis" (Randall, 1840)
"E. pictus" A. Milne Edwards, 1862
"E. voigtmanni" Türkay, 1989
"Enoplometopus" sp. Miyake, 1983

Reef lobsters ("Enoplometopus") constitute a single genus of small lobsters that live on hard rocky bottoms in tropical parts of the world's oceans and Japanese waters. They are usually found between the depths of 80-300 m. They are generally brightly coloured, with stripes, rings, or spots in shades of red, orange, white and, blue; as a result, some species are gaining popularity in the aquarium trade. Reef lobsters are small (6–7 in; 15–18 cm), nocturnal, and very timid. The species can be distinguished by their colouration and morphology.

Reef lobsters are distinguished from clawed lobsters (family Nephropidae) by having full claws ("chelae") only on the first pair of pereiopods, the second and third pairs being only subchelate (where the last segment of the appendage can press against a short projection from the penultimate one). Clawed lobsters have full claws on the first three pereiopods. Males, unlike those of nephropoid lobsters, have an extra lobe on the second pleopod, which is assumed to have some function in reproduction. Reef lobsters have a shallow cervical groove while clawed lobsters have a deep cervical groove .

Although there is no fossil record of reef lobsters, there is some evidence that they may be related to the extinct genus "Eryma" which lived from the Permo-Triassic to the late-Cretaceous [cite journal |quotes=no |author=F. R. Schram & C. J. Dixon |year=2004 |title=Decapod phylogeny: addition of fossil evidence to a robust morphological cladistic data set |journal=Bull. Mizunami Fossil Mus. |volume=31 |pages=1–19] .

References


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