- Trailing Cone
Trailing cones (or trailing wires as they are often incorrectly called or trailing static cones), were first developed and tested in the 1950's and 1960's as a simple means of calibrating the static pressure (altitude reporting) error of an aircraft's pitot-static system [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitot-static_system] . It does this by giving an accurate measurement of the ambient atmospheric pressure (static pressure) well clear of the aircraft's fuselage. The trailing cone system trails generally 1 to 1.5 times the wing span length behind the aircraft via a high-strength pressure tube. Static pressure is measured forward of the cone by several static ports. The cone stabilizes and aligns the ports relative to the freestream airflow.
The FAA states in FAR 91:"Where precision flight calibrations are used to quantify or verify altimetry system performance they may be accomplished by any of the following methods. Flight calibrations should only be performed once appropriate ground checks have been completed. Uncertainties in application of the method must be assessed and taken into account in the data package.
* Precision tracking radar in conjunction with pressure calibration of atmosphere at test altitude.
* Trailing cone.
* Pacer aircraft.
* Any other method acceptable to the FAA or approving authority.References
* [http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/ato/service_units/enroute/rvsm/documents/91RVSM_Chg2_Feb_1004.doc Guidance Material on the Approval of Operators/Aircraft for RVSM Operations]
* [http://www.spaceagecontrol.com/Trailing-cone Trailing Cones for RVSM Certification and Flight Test]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RVSM Reduced Vertical Separation Minima]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Static_pressure Static Pressure]External Links
* [http://www.bd5.com/BedeDesign28.jpgTrailing Cone Static Source (Bede Design No. 28)]
* [http://www.spaceagecontrol.com/pm/uploads/Main.Adpmain/x007a.pdf Position Error Calibration of a Pressure Survey Aircraft Using a Trailing Cone]
* [http://www.spaceagecontrol.com/S002b1 100101 Trailing Cone]
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