Augustin Jacob Landré-Beauvais

Augustin Jacob Landré-Beauvais (1772-1840) was a French surgeon best known for his description of rheumatoid arthritis.cite book | author=Landré-Beauvais AJ | title=La goutte asthénique primitive (doctoral thesis) | year=1800 | location=Paris reproduced in cite journal |author=Landré-Beauvais AJ |title=The first description of rheumatoid arthritis. Unabridged text of the doctoral dissertation presented in 1800 |journal=Joint Bone Spine |volume=68 |issue=2 |pages=130–43 |year=2001 |month=March |pmid=11324929 |doi= |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1297319X00002475] Born in Orléans, he studied under Pierre-Joseph Desault and Marie François Xavier Bichat in Paris, and then from 1792 under Jean Louis Petit in Lyon. In 1796 he obtained an internship at the famed Salpêtrière Hospital, where he assisted Philippe Pinel. He was appointed professor of clinical medicine at the Salpêtrière in 1799. After the restoration, he also held the professorship at the Paris polytechnic school. He was removed in 1830 at the insistence of King Louis-Philippe of France. [cite web |url=http://j_mirou.club.fr/index.htm |title=Destins |format= |work= |accessdate=2008-05-05]

His description of rheumatoid arthritis, now regarded as the first modern-day account of the disease, incorrectly identified it as a form of gout. Before Landré-Beauvais, several other physicians had already discovered that it may be distinct from gout. [cite journal |author=Aceves-Avila FJ, Medina F, Fraga A |title=The antiquity of rheumatoid arthritis: a reappraisal |journal=J. Rheumatol. |volume=28 |issue=4 |pages=751–7 |year=2001 |month=April |pmid=11327245] The name "rheumatoid arthritis" itself was coined in 1859 by Albert Baring Garrod. [cite book |author=Garrod AB | title=The Nature and Treatment of Gout and Rheumatic Gout | year=1859 | publisher=Walton and Maberly | location=London] Landré-Beauvais' other preserved work, "Séméiotique, ou traité des signes des maladies" (initially published in 1809) concerns the physical signs of medical illnesses in general. [cite book | author=Landré-Beauvais AJ | title=Séméiotique, ou traité des signes des maladies | year=1818 | location=Paris | publisher=J.A. Brosson | url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k28573w]

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