BRP Mariano Alvarez (PS-38)

The BRP "Mariano Alvarez" (PS-38) is the lone ship of the same class of coastal patrol ships in service with the Philippine Navy. She is formerly an ex-USN "Cyclone" class patrol ship. She is considered as the newest active fighting ship in the Philippine Navy.

History

Launched as the first of fourteen ships of Cyclone class patrol ships, the primary mission of the "Cyclone" was to serve as a platform for conducting maritime special operations, including interdiction, escort, noncombatant evacuation, reconnaissance, operational deception, intelligence collection, and tactical swimmer operations. Her small size, stealthy construction and high speed were tailored to performing long-range Special Operations Forces (SOF) insertion and extraction as well as other SOF support duties as needed.

As good a design as it is, the "Cyclone" had barely gone into service in the mid-1990s when the Special Operations Command rejected them as too big for commando missions, and the regular surface Navy dismissed them as too small for any of its missions. The Navy began looking for ways to phase out the "Cyclone" and her sister ships, so on 28 February, 2000, the "Cyclone" was decommissioned and stricken from the Navy list.

It was then transferred to the United States Coast Guard the next day, being re-commissioned as the USCGC "Cyclone" (WPC 1). The Coast Guard lacked an effective vessel sized between its 110' patrol cutter and the 210' Medium Endurance Cutter, so there was considerable interest in "Cyclone" at first. However, her high operating costs were prohibitive and thus she sat largely inactive.

"Cyclone" was eventually given to the Philippine Navy on 8 March, 2004, as part of a $115 million US military aid package to the Philippines, in an effort to bolster interdiction and counterterrorism capabilities. She was rechristened BRP "Mariano Alvarez" (PS 38), in honor of a revolutionary general in the Philippine war of independence against Spain. ["Wikipedia. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Cyclone_%28PC-1%29 USS Cyclone (PC-1)] .] She is currently assigned to the Patrol Force of the Philippine Fleet. ["Philippine Fleet Official Website. [http://philfleet.mil.ph/ships.htm Commissioned ships and crafts] .]

Technical details

Performance

The ship's operational capabilities were designed to meet the unique requirements of its Special Warfare missions. Operationally, the "Cyclone" was capable of accelerating from stop to convert|35|kn|km/h in under three minutes, then move from full ahead to convert|15|kn|km/h astern in 60 seconds. In high-speed, hard-over turns, the ship barely heeled as the automatic stabilizers engaged.

Weapons

Originally armed with two Mk38 25 mm chain guns fore and aft, several pintle mounts for attaching .50 caliber machine guns or Mk19 grenade launchers, and a position for launching Stinger shoulder-fired SAMs (although this was removed when the ships was transferred to the Philippine Navy), the "Cyclone", along with others of her class, were upgraded early on by replacing the after Mk38 mount with the new Mk96 platform. The Mk96 combines both a 25 mm chain gun and a 40 mm grenade launcher on a single stabilized platform. The Mk96 features an electro-optical fire control system with 27x zoom, infrared and low-light modes, a laser rangefinder, and an array of environmental sensors, which feed data into the ballistics computer to produce an accurate firing solution even while maneuvering at high speed. The computer can also interface with Stinger SAMs (which are currently unavailable). The Navy was positive about the performance of the Mk96 and briefly considered up-gunning the 25 mm Bushmaster cannon to a 30 mm or even 35 mm cannon, but due to the high price this never came to pass. ["Wikipedia. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Cyclone_%28PC-1%29 USS Cyclone (PC-1)] .]

ensors

The Sperry Vision 2100M combat system employs the navigational radars and the Sperry Voyage Management System integrated navigation and control system as a combat data suite. The radar intercept equipment was developed for use on helicopters. Has a Sperry Marine automated Integrated Bridge System (IBS).Each Mk 52 decoy rocket launcher carries 12 ready-service rounds, and 15 more rockets per launcher are carried in adjacent lockers. The decoy launchers in one unit are to be replaced by two 12-round, 102-mm ML Aviation Super Barricade rocket launchers mounted on superstructure platforms for trials. Ammunition supply includes 2,000 rounds 25-mm, 2,000 rounds .50 cal, 2,000 rounds 7.62-mm, and 1,000 40-mm grenades.

Navigation systems include Global Positioning System and Loran receivers. Radio gear includes LST-5C SATCOM/line-of-sight UHF transceiver, A5 Spectra VHF radio, ICM120 Marine Band radio, and RF 5000 HF, VRC-92A VHF, and VRC-83(V)2 VHF/UHF transceivers. AN/SAT-2A infrared signaling systems are fitted, and the Marconi Vistar stabilized FLIR sensor with integral low-light-level television camera is mounted on the mast. Have IFF transponder but no interrogation capability, although it may be added later. The sonar transducer is retracted within the hull at speeds above 14 kts. ["GlobalSecurity.org. [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/ship/pc-1.htm PC-1 Cyclone class] .] ["The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World 15th Edition - page 552]

tructure

The hull was constructed using BS-4360 Grade 43A steel, the superstructure was constructed using 5086 aluminum alloy. Main propulsion is generated by four Paxman Valenta 16CM-16RP200M diesels, developing 3,350 bhp, driving 12.8 cm six-blade highly skewed, variable pitch and rake, NI-AL bronze MIL-B24480A, alloy 1 amendment 3 (nickel-aluminum-bronze alloy) propellers, with pitch ratio of 1.465 at 0.7 radius and designed by USN NSWCCD (Code 544 drawing number P-5237B). Four Reintjes WVS-2232 reduction gearbox, with a reduction ratio: 2.025:1. Fuel capacity is 47,772 liters (12,620 gallons). Oil capacity is 568 liters (150 gallons). Total air conditioning plants production, 83.33 kW. They can refuel at sea, using astern fueling rigs. Fully operational at Sea State 3 with cruising speed of 25 knots, with 50% fuel capacity. Ship can survive up to Sea State 5. Maximum ship endurance at 10 days. Electricity supplied by two Caterpillar Model 3306 DIT Series B, rating 150 kW @ 1,800 rpm. Reverse osmosis desalinators, having a 1,514 liters (400 gallons) capacity per day. Fresh water capacity is 4,701 liters (1,242 gallons).Equipped with Vosper fin stabilization system and a stern wedge to improve trim at high speeds. Kevlar armor is fitted to the command space. [AFP Materiel Technical Specification Archives. [http://www.geocities.com/kalasagnglahi/ Capital Ships] Verify credibility|date=August 2008]

Upgrades

Refitted by Bollinger Machine Shop and Shipyard for the Philippine Navy in 2005 and had its stern extended by nine feet to accommodate a deck ramp - which extends down to below the water line, for a 20 feet Rigid Hull Inflatable Boat (RHIB). The Philippine Navy plans to upgrade the main weapon with a heavier caliber. [AFP Materiel Technical Specification Archives. [http://www.geocities.com/kalasagnglahi/ Capital Ships] .Verify credibility|date=August 2008]

Gallery

References

External links

* [http://www.navy.mil.ph Philippine Navy Official website]
* [http://philfleet.mil.ph/ships.htm Philippine Fleet Official Website]
* [http://timawa.net/forum Philippine Defense Forum]
* [http://www.hazegray.org/worldnav/asiapac/philip.htm Hazegray World Navies Today: Philippines]
* [http://www.worldwarships.com World Warships]
* [http://www.dlsu.edu.ph/offices/sps/rotc/pdf/ms2/namingPNships.pdf Naming and Code Designation of PN Ships]