Calymperastrum

Taxobox
name = "Calymperastrum"
status_system = DECF
status = P2
status_ref =
regnum = Plantae
divisio = Bryophyta
classis = Bryopsida
subclassis = Dicranidae
ordo = Pottiales
familia = Pottiaceae
genus = "Calymperastrum"
genus_authority = I.G.Stone
species = "C. latifolium"
binomial = "Calymperastrum latifolium"
binomial_authority = (Hampe) I.G.Stone

"Calymperastrum latifolium" is the sole species in the monotypic moss genus "Calymperastrum". It is a poorly known moss, having been collected only three times. All three collections were from the trunks of "Macrozamia", in the Southwest Botanic Province of Western Australia. It is presumed endemic to the region, making it the only moss genus known endemic to that state.

Description

This moss grows in a low turf, yellowish green from above but yellowish brown below. It has unbranching stems about six millimetres in length, with a reddish brown mat of hairs on their lower half. These support numerous narrow spathulate leaves from 2.0 to 3.1 millimetres long. Nothing is known of its sexual structures and sporophytes.cite web | first = R. H. | last = Zander | year = 1993 | title = Genera of the Pottiaceae: Mosses of Harsh Environments (Online Edition) | url = http://mobot.mobot.org/W3T/Search/pottiaceae/welcome.html | accessdate = 2008-04-09]

Taxonomy

This taxon was first collected from near Perth in the 1840s, and published as "Calymperes latifolium" in 1846 by Georg Ernst Ludwig Hampe, in Volume II of Johann Georg Christian Lehmann's "Plantae Preissianae".cite book | author = Hampe, G. E. L. | year = 1846 | title = "Calymperes latifolium" Hampe | editor = Lehmann, J. G. C. (ed.) | encyclopedia = Plantae Preissianae | volume = II | page = 116 | url = http://books.google.com.au/books?id=kuM4AAAAMAAJ] In the 1980s, a careful examination showed it to be only superficially similar to "Calymperes" (Calymperaceae). It was held to belong to a different family, the Pottiaceae, but did not fit into any of that family's published genera. In 1985, therefore, Ilma Grace Stone published "Calymperastrum" and transferred "C. latifolium" into it.cite web | title = Case Studies: Taxonomic changes and bryogeography | work = Australian Bryophytes | publisher = Australian National Botanic Gardens | url = http://www.anbg.gov.au/bryophyte/case-studies/taxonomic-changes.html | accessdate = 2008-04-09]

Since publication the genus has been treated only once, in R. H. Zander's 1993 "Genera of the Pottiaceae: Mosses of Harsh Environments". Zander found its morphology to be transitional between the Pottiaceae and the Calymperaceae, having many properties characteristic of the latter, and many properties characteristic of both. The only character of "Calymperastrum" that does not occur in the Calastraceae is the presence of a leaf hydroid strand.

In 1999 the genus was accepted as valid in Crosby's "A Checklist of Mosses".cite web | author = Crosby, M. "et al." | year = 1999 | title = A Checklist of Mosses | url = http://www.mobot.org/mobot/tropicos/most/checklist.shtml | accessdate = 2008-04-09]

Distribution and habitat

This moss has only been collected three times, once from near Perth, and twice from the vicinity of Windy Harbour. It is therefore presumed endemic to the Southwest Botanic Province of Western Australia. This would make it the only endemic moss genus in Western Australia, although the region is thought to contain a further three endemic species of non-endemic genera.

Ecology

All three collections of this moss were found growing as an epiphyte on the trunk of a "Macrozamia". It is therefore postulated, but by no means certain, that the species has a preference for this genus.cite journal | author = Stoneburner, Ann; Wyatt, Robert; Catcheside, David; and Stone, Ilma | title = Census of the Mosses of Western Australia | journal = The Bryologist | volume = 96 | issue = 1 | year = 1993 | pages = 86–101 | doi = 10.2307/3243324]

Because there are so few known populations of this moss, the Department of Environment and Conservation has rated it "Priority Two - Poorly Known Taxa" on the Declared Rare and Priority Flora List.FloraBase | name = "Calymperastrum latifolium" (Hampe) I.G.Stone | id = 20166]

References

Further reading

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