Fit for Active Service

"Fit for Active Service" (also known as "The Faith Healers") is a drawing by 20th century German artist George Grosz, created between the years of 1916 & 1917. It is considered a seminal part of the post-WWI movement, Neue Sachlichkeit, or New Objectivity. It is a paper drawing, made with pen, brush, and ink.

Interpretation

"Fit for Active Service" depicts a dead skeleton being judged as physically fit for conscription (the military doctor declares: “KV,” which abbreviates "kriegsdienst-verwendugsfähig", or “fit for active service”¹). The German soldiers and military doctors around him are well-rounded, some with looks of indifference or even grins on their faces. The industrial smokestacks in the background windows are characteristic of Modernist and avant-garde art, symbolic of the social disillusion of rapid industrialization and urbanization. The military doctor wears the Iron Cross, a military medal debased by being so widely awarded during the First World War, for criteria including bravery, and leadership.

Techniques

The cartoon-like nature of the piece carried political and social overtones. Grosz drew what is essentially a sketch, alluding to the primitive nature of conscription. Some of the surrounding soldiers are drawn in the composite view, again suggesting the overt superficialness of war and society. The simplicity of the line drawing “contributes to the directness and immediacy of the work, which scathingly portrays the German Army.”² The cartoon gains credibility by including a tone of malicious humor, despite the traumatic and horrible subject matter, and it also establishes the viewer as a passive observer, perhaps as one of the German soldiers.

Association with Neue Sachlichkeit (New Objectivity)

George Grosz was drafted by the German military upon the initial outbreak of World War I. He was able to avoid conscription, though, after having been deemed unfit for duty.³ In 1917, however, he was sent to an insane asylum, where he was examined by doctors and judged as fit for active service.² He was later discharged, after having attempted suicide.³

The scene depicted in "Fit for Active Service" thus depicts the trauma and horror of Grosz's own war experience. He reported:

Of course, there was a kind of mass enthusiasm at the start. But this intoxication soon evaporated, leaving a huge vacuum... And then after a few years when everything bogged down, when we were defeated, when everything went to pieces, all that remained at least for me and most of my friends, were disgust and horror.²

Although he was originally associated with Dadaism², his art is now referred to as art of the New Objectivity movement, a post-war movement in which veterans of World War I communicated the horror, destruction, and trauma of the war.

References

1)Ferguson, Niall. "The Pity of War: Explaining World War I" . Basic Books; 1 edition (March 10, 2000) . Page 19.

2)Kleiner, Fred S. Mamiya, Christin J. "Gardner's Art Through the Ages". 12th Edition. Wadsworth, a division of Thomas Learning, Inc. 2005.

3)Grosz, George. "George Grosz: An Autobiography". University of California Press; 1 edition (April 17, 1998).