Herndon, Virginia

Infobox Settlement
official_name = Herndon, Virginia
mapsize = 250x200px
map_caption = Location within state of Virginia
subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = United States
settlement_type = Town


imagesize =
image_caption =
image_

subdivision_type1 = State
subdivision_name1 = Virginia
subdivision_type2 = County
subdivision_name2 = Fairfax
region_link = Fairfax County, Virginia
population_total = 21378
population_as_of = 2008
area_magnitude =
area_total_km2 = 10.9
established_date = 1858
government_type = Town
leader_title = Mayor
leader_name = Stephen J. DeBenedittis
established_title = Settled
area_land_km2 = 10.9
area_water_km2 = 0.0
area_total_sq_mi = 4.2
area_land_sq_mi = 4.2
area_water_sq_mi = 0.0
elevation_m = 112
elevation_ft = 361
latd = 38 |latm = 58 |lats = 17 |latNS = N
longd = 77 |longm = 23 |longs = 19 |longEW = W
timezone = Eastern (EST)
utc_offset = -5
timezone_DST = EDT
utc_offset_DST = -4
area_code = 703
blank_name = FIPS code
blank_info = 51-36648GR|2
blank1_name = GNIS feature ID
blank1_info = 1495675GR|3
footnotes =
website = http://www.herndon-va.gov
pushpin_

Herndon is a town in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. The population was 21,655 at the 2000 census, which makes it the largest of three towns in the county.cite web
url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=04000US51&-_box_head_nbr=GCT-PH1&-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&-format=ST-7
publisher=US Census Bureau
title=Virginia by Place - GCT-PH1. Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2000
date=April 1, 2000]

History

Herndon was named for Commander William Lewis Herndon, American naval explorer and author of "Exploration of the Valley of the Amazon". Commander Herndon captained the ill-fated steamer SS "Central America", going down with his ship while helping to save over 150 of its passengers and crew. The settlement was named Herndon in 1858. In the 1870s, many Northern soldiers and their families came to settle in the area, taking advantage of moderate climate and low land prices. Herndon also offered a group of friendly and local native Americans who helped the town to prosper via trade and instruction. cite web
url=http://www.herndon-va.gov/history-herndon.html
publisher=Town of Herndon, Virginia
title=Herndon History
date=January 18, 2006
accessdate=2006-10-07]

Originally part of the rural surroundings of the Washington, D.C. area, the town of Herndon developed into a hub of dairy farming and vacationing for area residents, aided by its presence along the Alexandria, Loudoun and Hampshire Railroad (later to become the Washington and Old Dominion (W&OD) Railroad). When the railroad was converted into a hike-and-bike trail, Herndon capitalized on history and small-town feel (in a major metropolitan region) by converting its train station into a museum and visitors center, by relocating a Norfolk Southern Railway caboose to a nearby site, and by replacing the name of the Norfolk Southern on the caboose with that of the W&OD.

Although the caboose does not resemble anything that ever traveled through Herndon, it remains an iconic part of the downtown area that both locals and tourists visit on a daily basis. The caboose and station offer to some a taste of the original town that has since faded into the suburban countryside. cite journal
url=http://www.arlingtonconnection.com/article.asp?archive=true&article=53765&paper=66&cat=104
title=A history of Herndon through the Washington & Old Dominion Trail.
journal=Herndon Connection
author=Charles V. Munro
date=2005-10-19
accessdate=2007-02-07
format=dead link|date=June 2008 – ^{[http://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=intitle%3AA+history+of+Herndon+through+the+Washington+%26+Old+Dominion+Trail.&as_publication=Herndon+Connection&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&btnG=Search Scholar search]} ]

On January 14, 2004, the Town of Herndon commemorated its 125th anniversary.cite web
url=http://leg1.state.va.us/cgi-bin/legp524.exe?041+ful+HJ327
publisher=Virginia Legislative Assembly
title=HOUSE JOINT RESOLUTION NO. 327
date=January 29, 2004]

The town of Herndon was part of a nationally-reported controversy involving illegal immigration beginning in 2005.cite news
url=http://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/articles/051024/24labor.htm
title=Local Labor Pains: America's immigration debate lands on Main Street
first=Silla
last=Brush
date=2005-10-24
publisher=US News & World Report
accessdate=2008-02-10] The controversy revolved around a day labor center called the "Herndon Official Worker Center" (HOW Center), constructed by the town and operated by Reston Interfaith's [http://www.projecthopeharmony.org "Project Hope and Harmony"] under a grant from surrounding Fairfax County. The HOW Center was created in response to daily gatherings of Hispanic workers at a local 7-Eleven store and resulting allegations of gang activity, public drunkenness, and public urination.cite news
first = Daniel
last = Gilbert
title = Day laborer center opens in Herndon
work = Potomac News
publisher = Media General
date = 15 December 2005] What had started as a local issue became national news when the Minuteman Project anti-illegal immigration group joined the local groups opposing the day laborerscite news
url=http://abcnews.go.com/WNT/story?id=1275372
title='Minutemen' Open New Front in Fight Against Illegal Immigration: Citizen Group Targets Illegal Laborers Where They Work
date=2005-11-02
publisher=ABC News
accessdate=2008-02-10] and watchdog group Judicial Watch sued the town and county to block the center's construction. [cite news
url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2005-10-23-day-workers_x.htm
title=Cities tackle day labor dilemma
first=Emily
last=Bazar
coauthors=Stephanie Armour
date=2005-10-24
publisher=USA Today
accessdate=2008-02-10] The HOW Center opened in December, 2005, on the site of the former Herndon Police headquarters. [cite news
url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/12/14/AR2005121402308.html
title=Words Fly at Day-Laborer Center in Herndon: Contested Site Opens With Few Jobs but Much Debate
first=N.C.
last=Aizenman
coauthors=Timothy Dwyer
publisher=Washington Post
date=2005-12-15
page=B01
accessdate=2008-02-10] The 2006 election for Mayor and Town Council revolved mainly around the issue, and resulted in unseating the pro-center Mayor and two councilmembers. The center closed after less than two years of operation, in September, 2007. The Town Council had demanded that any operator of the day-labor center check the laborers' identification, and a subsequent court decision required the town to open the center to all workers.cite news
url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/14/AR2007091401051.html
title='What We Had Here Was a Family': As Herndon's Day-Laborer Center Closes, Job Seekers Band to Find Another Site
first=Karin
last=Brulliard
publisher=Washington Post
date=2007-09-15
page=B01
accessdate=2008-02-10] The Town Council chose instead to close the center entirely. [cite news
url=http://www.sptimes.com/2007/06/11/Worldandnation/Virginia_town_tackles.shtml
title=Virginia town tackles immigration: A labor center fuels a debate as it keeps undocumented workers off street corners.
first=Anita
last=Kumar
date=2007-06-11
publisher=St. Petersburg Times
location=St. Petersburg, FL
accessdate=2008-02-10]

Geography

Herndon is located at coor dms|38|58|17|N|77|23|19|W|city (38.971478, -77.388675)GR|1.According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 4.2 square miles (10.9 km²), all of it land.

Demographics

As of the censusGR|2 of 2000, there were 21,655 people, 6,962 households, and 4,970 families residing in the town. The population density was 5,129.9 people per square mile (1,981.3/km²). There were 7,190 housing units at an average density of 1,703.3/sq mi (657.8/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 57.89% White, 9.51% Black, 0.42% Native American, 13.86% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 12.95% from other races, and 5.32% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 26.01% of the population.

There were 6,962 households out of which 41.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.8% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.6% were non-families. 20.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 2.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.11 and the average family size was 3.54.

In the town the population was spread out with 27.1% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 38.3% from 25 to 44, 20.5% from 45 to 64, and 3.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 111.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 111.0 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $72,912, and the median income for a family was $79,140. Males had a median income of $44,197 versus $35,548 for females. The per capita income for the town was $26,941. About 4.7% of families and 8.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.1% of those under age 18 and 5.5% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

Herndon is part of the Dulles Technology Corridor, which Fortune magazine named the "Netplex" because of the presence of the headquarters of such companies as AOL, Verizon Business (formerly MCI, formerly WorldCom, originally UUNET), and Network Solutions, which began as the INTERNIC — the registry where every domain name was once administered.

Some of those companies are within Herndon. For example, Airbus North America. [cite web
url=http://www.airbus.com/en/worldwide/airbus_in_north_america.html
title=Airbus in North and Latin America
publisher=Airbus
accessdate=2007-10-12]

Other companies may have Herndon mailing addresses, but are located in the unincoporated area of Fairfax County south of Herndon. For example, on September 6th, 2007 Volkswagen of America announced that it will be moving its headquarters office from Michigan to Herndon. [cite news | url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/05/AR2007090502472.html | title=Volkswagen Moving to Herndon | publisher=Washington Post | first=Zachary | last=Goldfarb | date=2007-09-06 | accessdate=2007-09-11] That is in Woodland Park.

Several companies are located in nearby "Dulles Corner Park" (which has a Herndon address, but is outside Herndon). These include Northrop Grumman Technical Services.

Government

The town is organized as an incorporated town by the Commonwealth of Virginia,cite web
url=http://www.municode.com/resources/gateway.asp?pid=10218
title=Code of Ordinances - Town of Herndon, Virginia; Charter, Chapter 2, Powers
publisher=Town of Herndon
accessdate=2006-10-07] [cite web
url=http://leg1.state.va.us/cgi-bin/legp504.exe?000+cod+TOC15020000011000000000000
title=Code of Virginia, Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns, Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns
publisher=Commonwealth of Virginia
accessdate=2006-10-07] and is governed by an elected Mayor and Town Councilcite web
url=http://www.municode.com/resources/gateway.asp?pid=10218
title=Code of Ordinances - Town of Herndon, Virginia; Charter, Chapter 3, Mayor and Council
publisher=Town of Herndon
accessdate=2006-10-07] who serve on a part-time basis. The current Mayor is Stephen J. DeBenedittis, elected in 2008. The Mayor chairs the Council and heads the executive branch of the town government, and is supported by a full-time professional staff headed by the Town Manager (Art Anselene as of 2007). The Police Department, independent of the county police department, is headed by Colonel Toussaint E. Summers, Jr. and consists of 70 sworn officers along with the assistance of the Herndon Police Citizen Support Team. The Herndon Police Department achieved national recognition on November 8, 1986 by becoming the 7th police agency in Virginia and the 42nd police agency in the United States to be accredited by the Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies. [cite press release
url=http://www.dhusch.com/Press_Releases/PRCALEA%20Presentation%20022205.doc
title=Special News Release
publisher=Herndon Police Department
date=2005-02-22
format=Microsoft Word
accessdate=2006-10-07]

Attractions

Herndon boasts a wide variety of diversions and celebrations year round. Among the community events are:

Herndon contains the Herndon Depot Museum, the site of "Mosby's Raid on Herndon Station". The raid was a Civil War skirmish that took place on St. Patrick's Day in 1863. Also within the town is a golf course, community center with basketball and racquetball courts, and an aquatic center. Adjacent to the community center is Bready Park, with indoor tennis courts. Additionally, every residence within the town borders is within a mile or less of a public park.

Nearby attractions include the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center of the National Air and Space Museum (which houses the Enola Gay B-29 Superfortress, a Concorde supersonic passenger airplane, an SR-71A Blackbird plane and the Space Shuttle Enterprise), Frying Pan Park, Sully Plantation, Reston Town Center, Mount Vernon, Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts, Colvin Run Mill, Aldie Mill, Oatlands Plantation, Manassas National Battlefield Park and the Washington and Old Dominion Trail (which runs through the town).

Education

Herndon is within the Fairfax County Public Schools district.

Zoned elementary schools include [cite web
url=http://www.herndon-va.gov/Herndon%20Schools.html
title=About Herndon >> Herndon Public Schools
date=2006-01-18
accessdate=2008-01-19
publisher=Town of Herndon] :
*Aldrin Elementary School
*Armstrong Elementary School
*Clearview Elementary School
*Dranesville Elementary School
*Herndon Elementary School
*Hutchison Elementary School
*McNair Elementary School

Herndon Middle School and Herndon High School serve the town proper.

Some unincorporated areas with Herndon addresses are zoned to Westfield and Oakton High Schools in unincorporated Fairfax County.

Sister cities

Its sister city is Runnymede, England.cite web
url = http://www.runnymede.gov.uk/portal/binary/com.epicentric.contentmanagement.servlet.ContentDeliveryServlet/RBC%2520Portal/LGCL%2520Categories/Community%2520%2526%2520Living/Twinning/Twinning
title = Runnymede's Town Twinning Association
publisher = Runnymede Borough Council
accessdate = 2006-10-04]

References

External links

*Town of Herndon official website: http://www.herndon-va.gov/
*Cyber Advisory Committee website: http://www.dhusch.com/
* [http://www.helpsaveherndon.com/ HelpSaveHerndon]
* [http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=Search&geo_id=&_geoContext=&_street=&_county=herndon&_cityTown=herndon&_state=04000US51&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&pctxt=fph&pgsl=010 U.S. Census Bureau: American Fact-Finder: Herndon, VA]
* [http://www.visitherndon.com/ Visit Herndon]
* [http://www.herndonarts.org/ Herndon Council for the Arts]
* [http://www.eldenstreetplayers.org/ Elden Street Players]
* [http://www.herndoncuisine.com/ List of Restaurants in Herndon] (A wide variety, sorted by ethnicity and location)
* [http://www.wolftrap.org/ Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts]
* [http://www.nasm.si.edu/museum/udvarhazy/ Udvar-Hazy Air and Space Museum (Smithsonian Annex)]
* [http://www.wodfriends.org/ Friends of the W&OD Trail]
* [http://www.herndonhistoricalsociety.org/ Herndon Historical Society]
* [http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/eb/returns_Town06May.htm#HERNDON May 2, 2006 election results]
* [http://www.pacificwestcom.com/klare/ Final Voyage of the SS Central America] Klare, Normand - Historian "The Final Voyage of the Central America". Exhaustive research documentation of the tragedy from actual accounts by the survivors of the "Central America". A further indepth biography of William Lewis Herndon' s life and US naval career.
* [http://www.pacificwestcom.com/amazon/ Herndon and Gibbon, Lieutenants, United States Navy] Klare, Normand - Historian "Herndon and Gibbon". The First North American Explorers of the Amazon Valley. Lieutenant William Lewis Herndon's and Lieutenant Lardner Gibbon's expedition to map the Amazon river from its source to the Atlantic Ocean. Stories from their actual reports to Secretary of the Navy John P. Kennedy, President Millard Fillmore and the House of Representatives of the United States.
*cite book
title=Exploration of the valley of the Amazon
url=http://books.google.com.pe/books?id=76w3AAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=herndon+exploration&hl=en
first=William Lewis
last=Herndon
authorlink=William Lewis Herndon
coauthors=Larner Gibbon
location=Washington
publisher=United States Navy
year=1854