GW 501516

Drugbox
IUPAC_name = 2- [2-methyl-4-( [4-methyl-2- [4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl] methylsulfanyl] phenoxy] acetic acid

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width= 260
CAS_number= 317318-70-0
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PubChem= 9803963
DrugBank=
C=21 | H=18 | F=3 | N=1 | O=3 | S=2
molecular_weight = 453.498 g/mol
smiles = O=C(O [H] )COc1c(C)cc(SCC2=C(C)N=C(c3ccc(C(F)(F)F)cc3)S2)cc1
bioavailability=
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GW-501,516 (also known as GW1516 or GSK-516) is a drug developed by GlaxoSmithKline, which acts as a PPARδ modulator.cite journal | author = Sznaidman ML, Haffner CD, Maloney PR, Fivush A, Chao E, Goreham D, Sierra ML, LeGrumelec C, Xu HE, Montana VG, Lambert MH, Willson TM, Oliver WR Jr, Sternbach DD | title = Novel selective small molecule agonists for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARdelta)--synthesis and biological activity | journal = Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. | volume = 13 | issue = 9 | pages = 1517–21 | year = 2003 | month = May | pmid = 12699745 | doi = 10.1016/S0960-894X(03)00207-5 | url = | issn = ] cite journal | author = Dimopoulos N, Watson M, Green C, Hundal HS | title = The PPARdelta agonist, GW501516, promotes fatty acid oxidation but has no direct effect on glucose utilisation or insulin sensitivity in rat L6 skeletal muscle cells | journal = FEBS Lett. | volume = 581 | issue = 24 | pages = 4743–8 | year = 2007 | month = October | pmid = 17869249 | doi = 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.08.072 | url = | issn = ] It activates AMP-activated protein kinase and stimulates glucose uptake in skeletal muscle tissue,cite journal | author = Krämer DK, Al-Khalili L, Guigas B, Leng Y, Garcia-Roves PM, Krook A | title = Role of AMP kinase and PPARdelta in the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism in human skeletal muscle | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 282 | issue = 27 | pages = 19313–20 | year = 2007 | month = July | pmid = 17500064 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M702329200 | url = | issn = ] and has been demonstrated to reverse metabolic abnormalities in obese men with pre-diabetic metabolic syndrome, most likely by stimulating fatty acid oxidation.cite journal | author = Risérus U, Sprecher D, Johnson T, Olson E, Hirschberg S, Liu A, Fang Z, Hegde P, Richards D, Sarov-Blat L, Strum JC, Basu S, Cheeseman J, Fielding BA, Humphreys SM, Danoff T, Moore NR, Murgatroyd P, O'Rahilly S, Sutton P, Willson T, Hassall D, Frayn KN, Karpe F | title = Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)delta promotes reversal of multiple metabolic abnormalities, reduces oxidative stress, and increases fatty acid oxidation in moderately obese men | journal = Diabetes | volume = 57 | issue = 2 | pages = 332–9 | year = 2008 | month = February | pmid = 18024853 | doi = 10.2337/db07-1318 | url = | issn = ] It has been proposed as a potential treatment for obesity and related conditions,cite journal | author = Barish GD, Narkar VA, Evans RM | title = PPAR delta: a dagger in the heart of the metabolic syndrome | journal = J. Clin. Invest. | volume = 116 | issue = 3 | pages = 590–7 | year = 2006 | month = March | pmid = 16511591 | pmc = 1386117 | doi = 10.1172/JCI27955 | url = | issn = ] especially when used in conjunction with a synergistic compound AICAR, as the combination has been shown to significantly increase exercise endurance in animal studies.cite journal | author = Narkar VA, Downes M, Yu RT, Embler E, Wang Y-X, Banayo E, Mihaylova MM, Nelson MC, Zou Y, Juguilon H, Kang H, Shaw RJ,2 Evans RM | title = AMPK and PPARδ Agonists Are Exercise Mimetics | journal = Cell | volume = 134 | issue = | pages = 1–11 | year = 2008 | month = August | pmid = | doi = 10.1016/j.cell.2008.06.051 | url = http://download.cell.com/pdfs/0092-8674/PIIS0092867408008386.pdf | issn = ] cite web | url = http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080731135918.htm | title = Exercise In A Pill: Researchers Identify Drugs That Enhance Exercise Endurance | author = | authorlink = | coauthors = | date = 2008-08-01 | format = | work = Science News | publisher = ScienceDaily | pages = | language = | archiveurl = | archivedate = | quote = | accessdate = 2008-08-01]

Concerns have been raised however that GW-501,516 or the GW-501,516 / AICAR combination could be used by athletes as a performance enhancing drug which is not currently controlled by regulations or detected by standard tests. One of the main researchers from the study on enhanced endurance has developed a urine test to detect the drug, and he has made it available to the International Olympic Committee.cite web |url= http://www.medical-weight-loss-guide.com/AICAR.html | title= AICAR and GW 1516 - The Exercise Pill |accessdate=2008-09-18 |work= |publisher= |date= ] The World Anti-Doping Agency has also begun work on a test for the two drugs.cite web | url = http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-wellbeing/health-news/warning-to-beijing-olympics-over-pills-that-mimic-exercise-882608.html | title = Warning to Beijing Olympics over pills that mimic exercise | author = Laurance J, Rajan A | authorlink = | coauthors = | date = 2008-08-01 | format = | work = Health News, Health & Wellbeing | publisher = The Independent | pages = | language = | archiveurl = | archivedate = | quote = | accessdate = 2008-08-01 ]

ee also

* AICA ribonucleotide
* Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor

References