2004 Christmas Eve Snowstorm

Infobox winter storm|name=2004 Christmas Eve Snowstorm
image location=2004122515GOES12vis.jpg

GIBBS satellite archive. [ftp://eclipse.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/isccp/b1/.D2790P/images/2004/360/Img-2004-12-25-15-GOE-12-VS.jpgDecember 25, 2004, 1500 UTC satellite image, GOES 12.] Retrieved on 2006-12-02.]
stormtype=Winter storm
date formed=December 24, 2004
date dissipated=December 28, 2004
maximum amount=18 inches (45.7 cm)
pressure=964 mbar (hPa)
total damages (USD)= Unknown
total fatalities=Unknown
areas affected=Central Gulf coast and East coast of the United StatesThe 2004 Christmas Eve Snowstorm was a rare weather event that took place in Louisiana and Texas in the United States on December 24, 2004 before the storm moved northeast to affect the coastal sections of the Mid-Atlantic states and New England in the succeeding few days. This was a different storm from the historic event that struck the Midwest and southern Canada around December 23 from another cyclone which preceded this storm. The event involved a thin band of snowfall with unusually cold temperatures for the middle Texas coast, and caused dozens of varied weather records to be shattered. It was the most significant snow for the Texas Gulf Coast since February 1895.

Anticipation of the event

There had been indications for up to a week before the event that a frontal wave in the Gulf of Mexico was expected to track far enough to the south (along roughly the 26th parallel) to lead to snow along the Gulf of Mexico coastline of the United States.

ynoptic history

A surface cyclone formed in the western Gulf of Mexico on December 24 and December 25 due to a shortwave aloft, and moved eastward through the western Gulf of Mexico, bringing banded snowfall to the middle Texas coast. The extratropical cyclone moved east, then northeast, tracking across the northern peninsula of Florida early on December 26 before moving about 100 miles (200 km) offshore the Southeast, paralleling the coast. Continuing to deepen, the developing storm moved about 200 miles (300 km) offshore the Mid-Atlantic states, New England, and Atlantic Canada on December 27 before moving out to sea.

Effects

;Texas and Louisiana:The most noticeable, and unusual, event associated with the storm was the snowfall it produced. Much of the snow fell in southern Texas, along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico, but some snow, albeit less deep, fell across southwestern and southeastern Louisiana. Any snowfall in these areas is extremely unusual, perhaps occurring once every twenty years, and these events are usually airborne flurries which melt on contact with the ground. The fact that in many places the snow stuck to the ground and accumulated to an appreciable depth was nearly unprecedented. In Brownsville, Texas, snow fell to a depth of 1.5 inches (3.8 cm), the first measurable snowfall at the city in 105 years, since the Great Blizzard of 1899.

:The fact that the snow accumulated overnight on Christmas Eve led to a White Christmas the next morning, something completely foreign to the region. The city of Houston, Texas recorded the first White Christmas in its history. Across all of southern Texas and in southwestern Louisiana, snow fell in places where it had not for anywhere from 15 to 120 years. Near the coast, in Corpus Christi, Texas, 5.2 inches (13.2 cm) of snow fell, more snow than in all previous recorded years combined. This was also the case in Victoria, Texas, where a significant 13.0 inches (33.0 cm) fell. In addition to the unusual occurrence of snow inland, moderate to heavy snow was also reported over the open waters of the Gulf of Mexico.

Some snow totals: [National Weather Service Forecast Office, Houston/Galveston, Texas. [http://www.srh.noaa.gov/hgx/projects/xmasevesnow04/pns_snowfalltotal.txt Public Information Statement.] Retrieved on 2006-12-01.]

* Alice, Texas: 12 inches (30.48 cm)
* Brownsville, Texas: 1.5 inches (3.8 cm)
* Corpus Christi, Texas: 5.2 inches (13.2 cm)
* El Campo, Texas: 11.0 inches (27.9 cm)
* Houston, Texas: 1.0 inches (2.5 cm)
* Kingsville, Texas:6.0 inches (15.24 cm)
* Lake Charles, Louisiana: 1.2 inches (3.1 cm)
* New Orleans, Louisiana: 0.7 inches (1.8 cm)
* Victoria, Texas: 13.0 inches (33.0 cm)

;Georgia and South Carolina:As the cyclone tracked through Florida offshore the Southeast. Up to an inch of freezing rain and sleet fell at Augusta and Aiken. [Glenn E. Lader. [http://www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov/winter_storm_summaries/2004/storm1/storm1_5.txt STORM SUMMARY NUMBER 5 FOR MAJOR WINTER STORM.] Retrieved on 2006-12-01.]

;North Carolina:Several inches of snow fell across portions of the state, with the highest amount noted of 9.5 inches at Ahoskie. [Glenn E. Lader. [http://www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov/winter_storm_summaries/2004/storm1/storm1_5.txt STORM SUMMARY NUMBER 5 FOR MAJOR WINTER STORM.] Retrieved on 2006-12-02.]

;Virginia:Several locations across the Tidewater reported over a foot of snow, with the highest amount of 14 inches reported at Quinby and Tabb.Pamela J. Szatanek. [http://www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov/winter_storm_summaries/2004/storm1/storm1_7.txt STORM SUMMARY NUMBER 7 FOR MAJOR WINTER STORM.] Retrieved on 2006-12-02.] Frontogenesis (strengthening temperature gradient) within the comma head of the extratropical cyclone between the 500 hPa and 700 hPa layers (or 10-20 kft) contributed to the banded snow seen across this region. [Timothy Gingrich and John Billet. [http://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/93967.pdf Operational Considerations of the December 26, 2004 Snowstorm Across Hampton Roads, Virginia and Northeast North Carolina.] Retrieved on 2006-12-02.] It led to the snowiest December across the Norfolk area since 1958. [The Atlantic Coast Observer Network: Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina. [http://members.cox.net/irises/acon/dec04.htm SUMMARY OF CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA: DECEMBER 2004.] Retrieved on 2006-12-02.]

;Maryland:Light to moderate snow fell in the Eastern Shore, with the highest amount of 4.5 inches measured at Shelltown.Bruce Terry. [http://www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov/winter_storm_summaries/2004/storm1/storm1_9.txt STORM SUMMARY NUMBER 9 FOR MAJOR WINTER STORM.] Retrieved on 2006-12-02.]

;New Jersey:Light to moderate snows fall across portions of the state, with the highest amount of 2 inches falling at Mount Holly.

;New York:Southeastern sections of the state saw the snowfall. The highest amount reported was 8.7 inches at East Hampton.

;Connecticut:Moderate to heavy snow fell across much of the state. The highest total reported was 7 inches at East Killingly.

;Rhode Island:Heavy snow fell statewide. The highest total was 8.2 inches at Tiverton.

;Massachusetts:The heaviest snowfall from the storm fell across Massachusetts. Brewster measured 18 inches during the event.

;New Hampshire:Central and southern sections of the state saw moderate to heavy snow. The highest amount was 9 inches at Salem.

;Vermont:Snow did fall across portions of the state during this storm, with 6 inches falling at a dairy farm in Franklin. [Jonathan Gates. [http://www.stonyfield.com/weblogarchives/BovineBugle/2004_12.html The Bovine Bugle.] Retrieved on 2006-12-02.]

;Maine:Heavy snow fell across portions of Maine. The highest amount reported was from Whiting where 13 inches was measured.

ee also

*Cyclogenesis
*Extratropical cyclone
*Pre-Christmas 2004 snowstorm that impacted the Midwest
*Snowstorm
*Surface weather analysis

References

External links

* [http://www.srh.noaa.gov/hgx/projects/xmasevesnow04.htm Information about the storm from the Houston / Galveston National Weather Service Office. ]
* [http://www.richardsfault.com/White_Christmas_in_Houston/index.html Images from Houston, Upper Gulf Coast, and Corpus Christi]
* [http://wintercenter.homestead.com/photodec2004g.html Images from Bay City and Baytown, Texas]
* [http://www.flickr.com/photos/threepalmsphoto/sets/72157603357091628/ Images from Galveston, Texas]
* [http://wintercenter.homestead.com/photodec2004i.html Images from New York]