Iridium(III) chloride

Chembox new
Name = Iridium(III) chloride
ImageFile = Iridium(III) chloride.jpg
ImageName = Iridium(III) chloride
OtherNames = Iridium trichloride
Name = Safety data
Section1 = Chembox Identifiers
CASNo = 10025-83-9
EINECS = 233-044-6
RTECS =
Section2 = Chembox Properties
Formula = IrCl₃
MolarMass = 298.58 g/mol ("anhydrous")
Appearance = dark green solid
hygroscopic
Density = 5.30 g/cm³, solid
Solubility = soluble
MeltingPt = 763 °C ("decomp.")
Section3 = Chembox Structure
Coordination =
CrystalStruct =
Section4 = Chembox Thermochemistry
DeltaHf = -257 kJ/mol
Section7 = Chembox Hazards
EUClass = not listed
FlashPt = non-flammable
Section8 = Chembox Related
OtherAnions = Iridium(III) fluoride
Iridium(III) bromide
Iridium(III) iodide
OtherCations = Iridium(II) chloride
Iridium(IV) chloride
Rhodium(III) chloride
OtherCpds = Osmium(III) chloride
Platinum(II) chloride

Iridium(III) chloride is the chemical compound with the formula IrCl₃. This salt and the related hydrate are the principal starting materials for most iridium chemistry. The anhydrous salt is a dark green crystalline solid, which is very hygroscopic. It is usually encountered as a non-stoïchiometric hydrate CAS number [14996-61-3] ) which has a highly variable water content.

Preparation

Iridium is separated from the other platinum group metals as crystalline ammonium hexachloroiridate(IV), [NH₄] ₂ [IrCl₆] (CAS number [16940-92-4] ), which can be reduced to iridium metal in a stream of hydrogen. The spongy metal produced is reacted with chlorine at 300-400°C to produce iridium(III) chloride.

Uses

Iridium(III) chloride is used as a starting material for the preparation of other iridium compounds. Vaska's complex, "trans"- [IrCl(CO)(PPh₃)₂] , is prepared by refluxing IrCl₃ in dimethylformamide with excess triphenylphosphine. [Vaska, L.; & DiLuzio, J. W. (1961) "J. Am. Chem. Soc." 83:2784. Girolami, G.S.; Rauchfuss, T.B.; Angelici, R.J. (1999). "Synthesis and Technique in Inorganic Chemistry (3rd Edn.)". Sausalito:University Science Books.] Alkene complexes such as the dimeric {Ir(COD)Cl}₂Winkhaus, G.; & Singer, H. (1966). Iridium(I)-Olefinkomplexe. "Chem. Ber." 99:3610–18.] ^,Herde, J. L.; Lambert, J. C.; & Senoff, C. V. (1974). Cyclooctene and 1,5-Cyclooctadiene Complexes of Iridium(I). "Inorg. Synth." 15:18–20.] and {Ir(cycloctene)₂Cl}₂ can also be prepared by refluxing IrCl₃ with the appropriate alkene in water/alcohol mixtures.

afety

Iridium(III) chloride is not listed under Annex I of Directive 67/548/EEC, but is usually classified as irritant, R36/37/38: "Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin". It is listed in the inventory of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA).

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References