Pancytopenia

Pancytopenia

Infobox_Disease
Name = PAGENAME


Caption =
DiseasesDB = 24135
ICD10 = D61.0, R79.1
ICD9 = ICD9|284.1
ICDO =
OMIM =
MedlinePlus =
eMedicineSubj =
eMedicineTopic =
MeshID = D010198

Pancytopenia is a medical condition in which there is a reduction in the number of red and white blood cells, as well as platelets.

Causes

Pancytopenia is generally due to diseases affecting the bone marrow, although peripheral destruction of all lines of blood cells in hypersplenism (overactive spleen) is a recognised cause. Bone marrow problems causing pancytopenia include myelofibrosis, leukemia, aplastic anemia, and the malignant form of osteoporosis.

Chemotherapy for malignancies may also cause pancytopenia, if the drug or drugs used cause bone marrow suppression.

Increasingly, HIV is itself a cause for pancytopenia.

Rarely, drugs (antibiotics, blood pressure medication, heart medication) can cause pancytopenia.

Diagnosis

Pancytopenia usually requires a bone marrow biopsy in order to distinguish among different causes.

Causes of pancytopenia

# Aplastic anemia
# Dyskeratosis congenita
# Myelodysplastic syndrome
# Leukemia
# Leishmaniasis
# Severe Folate or Vitamin B12 deficiency
# Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
# Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (Urine test)
# Finally overwhelming viral infections (HIV most common).

ee also

*Leukopenia, a reduction in white blood cells
*Neutropenia, a reduction in neutrophil granulocytes


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Pancytopenia, Fanconi — A genetic (inherited) disease that adversely affects all of the bone marrow elements and is closely associated with malformations of the heart, kidney and limbs (arms and legs) as well as pigmentary changes of the skin. Fanconi pancytopenia,… …   Medical dictionary

  • pancytopenia — noun Etymology: New Latin, from pan + cyt + penia Date: circa 1941 an abnormal reduction in the number of erythrocytes, white blood cells, and blood platelets in the blood; also a disorder (as aplastic anemia) characterized by such a reduction …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • pancytopenia — Simultaneous decrease in the numbers of all blood cells: can be caused by aplastic anaemia, hypersplenism, or tumours of the marrow …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • pancytopenia — pan·cy·to·pe·ni·a (păn sī tə pēʹnē ə) n. See aplastic anemia. * * * …   Universalium

  • pancytopenia — noun A form of anemia in which there is a reduction in the numbers of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets …   Wiktionary

  • Pancytopenia — A shortage of all types of blood cells, including red and white blood cells as well as platelets. * * * Pronounced reduction in the number of erythrocytes, all types of white blood cells, and the blood platelets in the circulating blood. [pan + G …   Medical dictionary

  • pancytopenia — [ˌpansʌɪtə(ʊ) pi:niə] noun Medicine deficiency of all three cellular components of the blood (red cells, white cells, and platelets). Origin 1940s: from pan + cyto + Gk penia poverty …   English new terms dictionary

  • pancytopenia — pan·cytopenia …   English syllables

  • pancytopenia — n. a simultaneous decrease in the numbers of red cells (anaemia), white cells (neutropenia), and platelets (thrombocytopenia) in the blood. It occurs in a variety of disorders, including aplastic anaemias, hypersplenism, and tumours of the bone… …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • pancytopenia — noun an abnormal deficiency in all blood cells (red blood cells and white blood cells and platelets); usually associated with bone marrow tumor or with aplastic anemia • Hypernyms: ↑cytopenia …   Useful english dictionary

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