Powell Geographic Expedition of 1869

The Powell Geographic Expedition was a groundbreaking 19th century U.S. exploratory expedition of the American West, led by John Wesley Powell in 1869, that provided the first-ever thorough investigation of the Green and Colorado rivers, including the first known passage through the Grand Canyon. The expedition, which lasted approximately three months during the summer of 1869, endured incredible hardships and dangers down the river but resulted in the discoveries of many new natural features in the Colorado Basin.

Early on the Green River, the Powell Expedition lost one of their large gear-carrying boats at a rapids they named Disaster Falls, washing up on Disaster Island [cite book|title=Seeing Things Whole: The Essential John Wesley Powell|last=Powell|first=John Welsley|publisher=Island Press|year=2004|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=oJDk0izUHewC|pages=44] . No one was killed, but many crucial supplies were lost, including all of the expedition's barometers. Fortunately, Powell and his men managed to recover some of the barometers - they were the only means Powell had at his disposal to determine his elevation. Knowing the elevation was essential for producing good maps, and it let the expedition know how much vertical drop remained before they reached sea level. The Powell expedition named many of the features along the Green and Colorado rivers, including the Gates of Lodore.

The expedition set out from Green River, Wyoming on May 24 with a company of ten men led by Powell, a veteran of the American Civil War who had spent much of his youth rafting on the Mississippi River and its tributaries in the upper Midwest, and who had lost his arm to amputation in the Battle of Shiloh. Prior to coming west, Powell had been a professor of geology in Illinois and established the Illinois Museum of Natural History. In addition to Powell, the company included his brother Walter, as well as a group of seasoned mountain men that Powell had recruited on his way to western Wyoming. The company consisted of

*John Wesley Powell
*Walter Powell, John's brother
*O.G. Howland, mountain man
*Seneca Howland, mountain man and brother of O.G.
*Bill Dunn, mountain man
*Bill Hawkins, mountain man
*Jack Sumner, mountain man
*Frank Goodman, an Englishman who had come west looking for adventure
*Andy Hall, an 18-year-old whose skills as an oarsman impressed Powell.
*George Bradley, a soldier at Fort Bridger that agreed to accompany Powell in an exchange for a discharge from the United States Army that Powell arranged for him.

References

External links

* [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/canyon/ "The American Experience: Lost in the Grand Canyon"] - Companion site to the PBS series about Jown Wesley Powell's Colorado River journey. It includes a timeline, maps, and program information.