Protamine

Protamine

protein
Name=protamine 1
caption=


width=
HGNCid=9447
Symbol=PRM1
AltSymbols=
EntrezGene=5619
OMIM=182880
RefSeq=NM_002761
UniProt=P04553
PDB=
ECnumber=
Chromosome=16
Arm=p
Band=13.13
LocusSupplementaryData=protein
Name=protamine 2
caption=


width=
HGNCid=9448
Symbol=PRM2
AltSymbols=
EntrezGene=5620
OMIM=182890
RefSeq=NM_002762
UniProt=P04554
PDB=
ECnumber=
Chromosome=16
Arm=p
Band=13.13
LocusSupplementaryData=

Protamines are small, arginine-rich, nuclear proteins that replace histones late in the haploid phase of spermatogenesis and are believed essential for sperm head condensation and DNA stabilization.

Function

When mixed with insulin, protamines slow down the onset and increase the duration of insulin action (see NPH insulin).

Protamine sulfate is an antidote for heparin.cite journal |author=Byun Y, Chang LC, Lee LM, Han IS, Singh VK, Yang VC |title=Low molecular weight protamine: a potent but nontoxic antagonist to heparin/low molecular weight protamine |journal=ASAIO J. |volume=46 |issue=4 |pages=435–9 |year=2000 |pmid=10926141 |doi=10.1097/00002480-200007000-00013]

Examples

Mice, humans, and certain fish have 2 or more different protamines, whereas the sperm of bull, boar, rat, rabbit, guinea pig, and ram have one form of protamine.

Human

The 2 human protamines are denoted Gene|PRM1 and Gene|PRM2.

Fish

Examples of protamines from fish are:
*salmine from salmon
*clupeine from herring sperm ("Clupea")
*iridine from rainbow trout
*thinnine from tunafish ("Thunnus")
*stelline from starry sturgeon ("Acipenser stellatus")
*scylliorhinine from dogfish ("Scylliorhinus")

References

External links

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • protamine — [ prɔtamin ] n. f. • 1890; de prot(éine) et amine ♦ Biochim. Protéine simple qui se trouve combinée à l A. D. N. dans les laitances de poisson. ● protamine nom féminin Holoprotéine sans soufre, abondante dans la laitance de poisson. Antidote de l …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Protamine — sind kleine, stark basische Eiweißverbindungen (Proteine), die in den Zellkernen der Spermien von Wirbeltieren nachgewiesen wurden. Speziell aus den Protaminen mancher Fische wird der Arzneistoff Protamin hergestellt. Protamine ersetzen während… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Protamine — Protamine,   stark basische, den Histonen verwandte Eiweißstoffe mit sehr hohem Gehalt an der Aminosäure Arginin, die an DNA gebunden v. a. in Fisch und Vogelsperma vorkommen. Protamine heben die Wirkung von Heparinen auf, indem sie mit diesen… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • protamine — protamine. См. протамин. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • Protamine — Protamine, Eiweißkörper, die in den reisen Spermatozoen von Fischen vorkommen, wie das Salmin, Sturin, Klupein, Skombrin etc. Sie sind schwefelfrei und enthalten viel mehr Stickstoff und Kohlenstoff als die andern Eiweißkörper. Durch Erhitzen… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • protamine — [prōt′ə mēn΄, prōt′əmin] n. [ PROT(O) + AMINE] any of a class of simple proteins that are soluble in ammonia, do not coagulate by heat, and yield relatively few amino acids upon hydrolysis: used to control hemorrhage …   English World dictionary

  • protamine — n. one of a group of simple proteins that can be conjugated with nucleic acids to form nucleoproteins. Protamine sulphate (Prosulf) is injected as an antidote to heparin overdosage in oral anticoagulant therapy. Protamine can also be combined… …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • Protamine — Les protamines sont des petites protéines nucléaires riches en arginine, qui remplacent des protéines de transition qui avaient remplacé les histones des futurs gamètes mâles pendant la phase précoce de la spermiogenèse. On pense que ce… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • protamine — /proh teuh meen , pro tam in/, n. Biochem. any of a group of arginine rich, strongly basic proteins that are not coagulated by heat, occurring primarily in the sperm of fish. [1870 75; PROT + AMINE] * * * ▪ protein       simple alkaline protein… …   Universalium

  • protamine — Any of a class of proteins, highly basic because rich in l arginine and simpler in constitution than the albumins and globulins, etc., found in fish spermatozoa in combination with nucleic acid; the protamines have a histonelike function and are… …   Medical dictionary

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