- Lucena
Infobox Settlement
official_name = Lucena
other_name =
native_name =
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settlement_type =
motto =
imagesize =
image_caption =
flag_size = 120px
image_
seal_size = 75px
image_shield =
shield_size =
city_
citylogo_size =
mapsize = 120px
map_caption =
mapsize1 = 100px
map_caption1 =
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subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name =Spain
subdivision_type1 = Region
subdivision_name1 =Andalucía
subdivision_type2 = Province
subdivision_name2 = Córdoba
subdivision_type3 = Districts
subdivision_name3 = "Lucena"
subdivision_type4 =
subdivision_name4 =
government_type =
leader_title = Mayor
leader_name = José Luis Bergillos
leader_title1 =
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area_magnitude =
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area_total_km2 = 351
area_land_km2 =
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area_urban_km2 =
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population_as_of = 2007
population_footnotes =
population_note =
population_total = 40,746
population_density_km2 = 116.06
population_density_sq_mi =
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latd= |latm= |lats= |latNS=
longd= |longm= |longs= |longEW=
elevation_footnotes =
elevation_m = 485
elevation_ft =
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footnotes =Lucena (pop. 46,000) is a town in southern
Spain , in the province of Córdoba, inAndalusia , 60 km southeast of Córdoba, 85 km north of Málaga, 140 km east of Seville, 105 km west of Granada, and 90 km southwest of Jaén.It is the second major city in the province after the provincial capital (also called Cordoba). It's located at the conjunction of important highways in the geographical center of Andalusia. People from Lucena are called "Lucentinos."The city was originally known as "Eliossana", from theHebrew "Elí hosanna", "God may save us". Muslims called it "Al-Yussana".Geography
Lucena is situated on the Lucena River, a minor tributary of the
Genil . Its altitude is 487 meters and its geographic coordinates are 37º 24' N, 4º 29' W. Magnificently situated, it is surrounded by strong walls and wide moats.Over 90 percent of the population lives to the northeast of the city district ("término municipal").
History
In early times Lucena was inhabited almost exclusively by Jews who had arrived together with its founders; hence it was called "Jews' City", a nickname also applied to Granada and Tarragona. The
Jews of Lucena, who carried on extensive trade and industries, were, according to an Arab writerFact|date=February 2007, richer than those of any other city. They enjoyed the same freedom as their coreligionists in the large Muslim cities. Theirrabbi , who was elected by the entire community, was granted special privileges and acted as judge in the civil and criminal cases arising in the community. The Jews lived peaceably until the Almoravides came into power.At the beginning of the eleventh century, several important Jewish scholars lived in Lucena.
Isaac Alfasi founded a large Talmudic academy in Lucena, and here also Isaac ibn Ghayyat,Isaac ibn Albalia , andJoseph ibn Migash were prominent.Lucena was taken from the
Moors early in the 14th century; it was in the attempt to recapture it that KingBoabdil of Granada was taken prisoner in1483 .The parish church dates from the ending of the 15th century. Our Lady of Araceli is an image brought from Rome in the 16th century and is the patron of Lucena, canonically crowned in 1948.
The chief industries are the manufacture of furniture, industrial refrigerators, brandy, bronze lamps and pottery, especially the large earthenware jars (
tinaja s) used in the past throughout Spain for the storage of oil and wine, some of which hold more than 300 gallons. Matches also used to be made there. There is considerable trade in agricultural produce. The horse fair in September was famous throughoutAndalusia , but since the last decades of the 20th century there is only a fair like in most towns in Andalusia.This town gives its name to a city of the
Philippines islandsLucena City and another city at state ofParaiba in the northeast ofBrazil , called Lucena too.There's another city in southern Brazil called 'Presidente Lucena.' This name came from
Henrique Pereira de Lucena (born inRecife , capital of the state of Pernambuco. He later nominated Barão de Lucena (or Baron of Lucena) who governed the provinces ofPernambuco ,Bahia andRio Grande do Sul at the Century XIX during the period ofBrazilian Empire .The Count of Lucena (Conde de Lucena) is S.E. Don
Hugo O'Donnell, Duke of Tetuan , a Grandee of Spain.Another famous person from Lucena was Abraão de Lucena (in Portuguese) or
Abraham of Lucena (in English), a rabbi who founded the firstsynagogue in theUSA . He lived inRecife (Brazil) in the sixteenth century before travelling to New Amsterdam (New York) where he died.References
*1911
Links
* [http://esubbetica.com/lucena/ Lucena]
* [http://www.aytolucena.es/ Ayuntamiento de Lucena]
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