Sarsa Dengel

Sarsa Dengel (Ge'ez ሠረጸ ድንግል "śarṣa dingil", Amh. "serṣe dingil" "Sprout of the Virgin", 1550 - 4 October 1597) was "IPA|nəgusä nägäst" (throne name Malak Sagad I, Ge'ez መልአክ ሰገድ "mal'ak sagad", Amh. "mel'āk seged", "to whom the angel bows") (1563 - 1597) of Ethiopia, and a member of the Solomonic dynasty. He was the son of Menas and Admas Mogasa.

He was elected king by the Shewan commanders of the army and the Queen Mother. Upon his coming of age Bahr negus Yeshaq, who had rebelled against his father, presented himself to Sarsa Dengel and made peace. However, Sarsa Dengel had to confront a number of other revolts: his cousin Hamalmal in 1563, another cousin Fasil two years later. Yeshaq once again revolted with support of the Ottoman Empire; Sarsa Dengel then marched to Tigray in 1576, where he defeated and killed in battle the Bahr Negash and his allies, Özdemir Pasha and Sultan Muhammed IV of Harar.

Sarsa Dengel was the first emperor of Ethiopia to confront the encroachment of the Oromo, who had defeated Nur ibn Mujahid as he returned home from killing his uncle Gelawdewos in battle. In his tenth regnal year (1573), campaigning in the south, he defeated the Oromo in a battle near Lake Zway. He campaigned against them again in his 15th (1578) and 25th (1588) regnal years.

Sarsa Dengel campaigned against the Falasha in Semien in 1580, then again in 1585. He also campaigned against the Agaw in 1581, and in 1585. He campaigned against the Gambo who dwelled in the lands west of the Chomen swamp in 1590. He made a punitive expedition against the Ottoman Turks in 1588, in response to their raids in the northern provinces. Sarsa Dengel campaigned in Ennarea twice, the first time in 1586, and the second time in 1597. On this second campaign, his Chronicle records, [Partially translated by Richard K.P. Pankhurst in "The Ethiopian Royal Chronicles". Addis Ababa: Oxford University Press, 1967.] a group of monks tried to dissuade him from this expedition; failing that, they warned him not to eat fish from a certain river he would pass. Despite their warning, when he passed by the river the monks warned him about, he ate fish taken from this river and grew sick and died. [G.W.B. Huntingford, "Historical Geography of Ethiopia" (London: British Academy, 1989), p.149.]

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