Battle of Schuinshoogte

Infobox Military Conflict
conflict=Battle of Schuinshoogte
partof=First Boer War


caption=
date=February 8, 1881
place=Ingogo Transvaal
casus=
territory=
result=Decisive Boer victory
combatant1=flagicon|Transvaal South African Republic
combatant2=flagicon|United Kingdom United Kingdom
commander1=flagicon|Transvaal N. J. Smith
flagicon|Transvaal J D Weilbach
commander2=flagicon|United Kingdom Major-General Sir George Pomeroy Colley
strength1=300-500 infantry
strength2=240 infantry
38 cavalry
2 cannon
casualties1=8 dead
10 wounded
casualties2=76 dead
68 wounded

Battle of Schuinshoogte Also known as Ingogo, was a battle fought at coord|27|36|59.30|S|29|52|40.9|E|type:landmark|display=inline,title on February 8, 1881 during the First Boer War. General Sir George Pomeroy Colley's communications with Newcastle were under constant harassment by mounted Boer patrols under Commander J D Weilbach after the Battle of Laing's Nek (another British defeat) and as a result the General made it his plan to clear a clean unmolested path along the Newcastle-Mount Prospect road in order to better protect the British supply line, and receive fresh reinforcements he needed to bolster his ranks.

At roughly 9 a.m. he left the Mount Prospect camp with a force comprised mostly of Infantrymen. A company of the 60th Rifles (King's Royal Rifles) and two pieces of artillery were left at a ridge overlooking the Ingogo River while a handful of mounted men and infantry covered the drift.

As Colley advanced up the slope of the Ingogo he received word from his scouting party that a mainly mounted Boer force under Gen. N J Smith and Comdt. J D Weilbach was approaching nearby. The British formed circular/squared defensive positions on the crest of the ridge with 240 infantry, 38 cavalry and 2 pieces of artillery while the roughly 300 Boers attempted to surround them and cut them off from escape.

From noon until about five that evening a series of close range engagements was fought and the British suffered heavily from the accurate and concentrated Boer fire. Although the 60th Rifles wore dark green (in fact, almost black) uniforms, these were still in contrast to the light-coloured South African veldt, the only concession to camouflage being the white foreign service helmet stained khaki with tea. The gunners and mounted troops also wore dark uniforms, but the gunners in particular were exposed when working their guns. In contrast the Boers wore khaki coloured clothing, and were also expert at fieldcraft, thus being able to blend into the environment.

Afterward heavy rain began to fall and the battle came to an abrupt end. Rainfall swelled the Ingogo river, making it very difficult to ford. Boer forces, imagining that the British would be unable to cross, especially with artillery, waited during the night to resume the battle the next day. Colley's men, meanwhile, made a desperate night march, and managed to escape, horses, guns and all, although several men drowned in the river crossing. Boer failure to assault and capture the guns, allowing the column to escape, probably represents their only major error during the war.

It has been speculated had Colley received his reinforcements before the onslaught of the rain, he would have probably been able to defeat the Boers for the first time and give the British better bargaining power during the peace negotiations.

When the British returned with a burial party on the next day, they found the Boers had returned to take care of their own dead and wounded. No engagement occurred. The 8 Boer dead were buried on the farm "Geelhoutboom" some 5 km west of the battle site. The British lost 7 officers and 69 men killed and another 68 were wounded. The men were buried on the battlefield while the officers’ bodies were exhumed 4 days later and taken to Fort Amiel for reburial.

Colley was plagued by defeat throughout the war, and although he would receive his reinforcements, his men were seriously demoralized by the string of defeats. Eventually he would be killed in action at the Battle of Majuba Hill.

External links

* [http://rapidttp.com/milhist/vol052rd.html The South African Military History Society: The Battle of Schuinshoogte]