Philip Diehl (inventor)

Infobox Celebrity
name = Philip H. Diehl


caption =
birth_date =birth date|1847|01|29
birth_place =Dalsheim, Germany
death_date =death date and age|1913|04|07|1847|01|29
death_place =Elizabeth, New Jersey, USA
occupation = Engineer, Inventor
spouse = Emilie Loos
religion =
website =
footnotes =

Philip H. Diehl (29 January 1847 – 7 April 1913) was a German-American engineer and inventor who held several U.S. patents, including electric incandescent lamps, electric motors for sewing machines and other uses, and ceiling fans. Diehl was a contemporary of Thomas Edison and his inventions caused Edison to reduce the price of his incandescent bulb.

Early life

Philip H. Diehl was born in Dalsheim, Germany."Diehl's Lamp Hit Edison Monopoly," Elizabeth Daily Journal, Friday Evening, October 25, 1929]

In July, 1868, he emigrated to New York City where he worked in several machine shops before finding work as an apprentice with the Singer Manufacturing Company. In 1870 or 1871 he was transferred to Chicago, Illinois and worked at Remington Machine Company until 1875. He lost all of his possessions in the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. In 1873, Diehl married Emilie Loos in Chicago.

In 1875 Diehl moved to Elizabeth, New Jersey and took charge of experimental work improving sewing machines at the Singer plant. His daughter, Clara Elvira, was born 2 April 1876.

Inventions

While working at Singer in Elizabeth, Diehl experimented at work and at his home. This resulted in several inventions.

Electric light

Working in the basement of his home on Orchard Street in Elizabeth, New Jersey, Diehl invented a lamp that was different from Thomas Edison's incandescent electric lamp, which was patented in 1879. Diehl's lamp had no lead-in wires. In 1882 Diehl obtained the first patent on this induction incandescent lamp. The base of the lamp contained a wire coil that coupled with a primary coil in the lamp socket, causing current to flow through the lamp without the need for lead-in wires. Two additional patents were granted in 1883, followed by patents for electrical lighting systems in 1885 and 1886.cite web |url=http://www.edisonian.com/p004b006.htm |title=Diehl lamp |accessdate=2007-12-31]

Following is a partial list of lamp or lighting related patents issued to Philip Diehl:
*U.S. No. 255,497, Incandescent Electric Lamp, March 28 1882
*U.S. No. 272,125, Electric Incandescent Lamp, February 13 1883
*U.S. No. 276,571, Incandescent Electric Lamp, May 1 1883
*U.S. No. 314,567, Electric Arc Lamp, March 31 1885
*U.S. No. 350,482, Electric Lighting System, October 12 1886

Diehl erected the city's first arc light in front of the Corey Building in Elizabeth, which still stands at 109 Broad Street.

Diehl's invention of the induction lamp was used by George Westinghouse to force royalty concessions from Thomas Edison. The Westinghouse Company bought Diehl's patent rights for $25,000. Although Diehl's lamp could not be made and sold at a price to compete with the Edison lamp, the Westinghouse Company used the Diehl bulb to force the holders of the Edison patent to charge a more reasonable rate for the use of the Edison patent rights.

Electric motors

Diehl's work at Singer to improve the sewing machine led to developments in electric motors, first to power sewing machines and later for other uses as well. In 1884 at the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania he demonstrated a dynamo, modeled after his smaller motor, which generated a current for arc lamps, sewing machine motors and incandescent lamps, all covered by his patents. The judicial committee at the exhibition judged it to be one of the best dynamos exhibited."Philip Diehl", History of Union County, New Jersey, Vol 2, A. Van Doren Honeyman, 1923, pp 117-118.]

Ceiling fan

The electric fan was invented in 1882 by Schuyler Skaats Wheeler. A few years later, Philip Diehl mounted a fan blade on a sewing-machine motor and attached it to the ceiling, inventing the ceiling fan, which he patented in 1887. Later, he added a light fixture to the ceiling fan. In 1904, his Diehl and Co. added a split-ball joint, allowing it to be redirected; three years later, this developed into the first oscillating fan.cite web
url=http://www.familytreemagazine.com/articles/nov07/fans.asp
title=Cooling Trends - How the electric fan and air conditioning changed the way our ancestors kept their cool
accessdate=2007-12-31] cite web
url=http://www.newsfinder.org/site/more/ceiling_fans/
title=NEWSFINDER Ceiling Fans
accessdate=2008-01-01]

Death

Philip Diehl died 7 April 1913 in Elizabeth, New Jersey. [Obituary Notes, Philip H. Diehl, The New York Times, Tuesday, April 8, 1913, page 13, column 6.]

Honors

In 1889 the American Institute of New York awarded Philip Diehl a bronze medal, which bears the inscription "The Medal of Merit, awarded to Philip Diehl for Electric Fans and Dynamos, 1889."

References

External links

* [http://home.frognet.net/~ejcov/diehl.html Story of Philip Diehl] (contains online references to many of the sources in the References section)

Persondata
NAME = Diehl, Philip
ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Diehl, Philip H.
SHORT DESCRIPTION = German-American engineer and inventor
DATE OF BIRTH = 29 January 1847
PLACE OF BIRTH = Dalsheim, Germany
DATE OF DEATH = 7 April 1913
PLACE OF DEATH = Elizabeth, New Jersey, USA