Archestratus

Archestratus ("Archestratos") was an Ancient Greek poet of Gela or Syracuse, in Sicily, who wrote some time in the mid 4th century BCE. His humorous didactic poem "Hedypatheia" ("Life of Luxury"), written in hexameters, advises a gastronomic reader on where to find the best food in the Mediterranean world. The writer, who was styled in antiquity the Hesiod or Theognis of gluttons, parodies the style of older gnomic poets; most of his attention is given to fish, although some of the early fragments refer to appetizers, and there was also a section on wine. His poem had a certain notoriety among readers in the 4th and 3rd centuries BCE: it was referred to by the comic poet Antiphanes, by Lynceus of Samos and by the philosophers Aristotle, Chrysippus and Clearchus of Soli. In nearly every case these references are disparaging, implying that Archestratus's poem -- like the sex manual by Philaenis -- was likely to corrupt its readers. This attitude is exemplified in the "Deipnosophistae" with citations of Chrysippus:

cquote|This utterly admirable Chrysippus, in "On Goodness and Pleasure" book V, talks of: "Books like Philaenis’s, and the "Gastronomy" of Archestratus, and stimulants to love and sexual intercourse, and then again slave girls practised in such movements and postures and specialising in the subject;" and further on he says: "studying all this and getting the books about it by Philaenis and Archestratus and the other writers of such stuff;" and in book VII he says: "one is therefore not to study Philaenis, or the "Gastronomy" of Archestratus, with the expectation of improving one’s life!" Clearly, in quoting this Archestratus so often, you people have filled our banquet with indecency. Is there anything calculated to corrupt that this fine poet has failed to say?::Athenaeus, "Deipnosophistae" 335b.

62 fragments from Archestratus's poem (including two doubtful items) survive, all via quotation by Athenaeus in the "Deipnosophistae". The poem was translated or imitated in Latin by Ennius. The standard edition of the fragments, with commentary and translation, is by Olson and Sens.

Bibliography

*Andrew Dalby, "Archestratos: where and when?" in "Food in antiquity" ed. John Wilkins and others (Exeter: Exeter University Press, 1995) pp. 400-412.
*S. Douglas Olson and Alexander Sens, "Archestratos of Gela: Greek Culture and Cuisine in the Fourth Century BCE". Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. [Text, translation, commentary.]
*John Wilkins, Shaun Hill, "Archestratus: The life of luxury". Totnes: Prospect Books, 1994. [Introduction, translation, commentary.] [http://latis.ex.ac.uk/classics/undergraduate/food3/archestratus.htm Online text of introduction]

*1911