HLA-DMB

Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DM beta, also known as HLA-DMB, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: HLA-DMB major histocompatibility complex, class II, DM beta| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3109| accessdate = ]

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summary_text = HLA-DMB belongs to the HLA class II beta chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DMA) and a beta (DMB) chain, both anchored in the membrane. It is located in intracellular vesicles. DM plays a central role in the peptide loading of MHC class II molecules by helping to release the CLIP (class II-associated invariant chain peptide) molecule from the peptide binding site. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The beta chain is approximately 26-28 kDa and its gene contains 6 exons. Exon one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and exon 5 encodes the cytoplasmic tail.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: HLA-DMB major histocompatibility complex, class II, DM beta| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3109| accessdate = ]

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Vogt AB, Kropshofer H |title=HLA-DM - an endosomal and lysosomal chaperone for the immune system. |journal=Trends Biochem. Sci. |volume=24 |issue= 4 |pages= 150–4 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10322421 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Kropshofer H, Hämmerling GJ, Vogt AB |title=The impact of the non-classical MHC proteins HLA-DM and HLA-DO on loading of MHC class II molecules. |journal=Immunol. Rev. |volume=172 |issue= |pages= 267–78 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10631952 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Piatier-Tonneau D, Gastinel LN, Amblard F, "et al." |title=Interaction of CD4 with HLA class II antigens and HIV gp120. |journal=Immunogenetics |volume=34 |issue= 2 |pages= 121–8 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1869305 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Kelly AP, Monaco JJ, Cho SG, Trowsdale J |title=A new human HLA class II-related locus, DM. |journal=Nature |volume=353 |issue= 6344 |pages= 571–3 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1922365 |doi= 10.1038/353571a0
*cite journal | author=Rosenstein Y, Burakoff SJ, Herrmann SH |title=HIV-gp120 can block CD4-class II MHC-mediated adhesion. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=144 |issue= 2 |pages= 526–31 |year= 1990 |pmid= 1967269 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Bowman MR, MacFerrin KD, Schreiber SL, Burakoff SJ |title=Identification and structural analysis of residues in the V1 region of CD4 involved in interaction with human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein gp120 and class II major histocompatibility complex molecules. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=87 |issue= 22 |pages= 9052–6 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1978941 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Clayton LK, Sieh M, Pious DA, Reinherz EL |title=Identification of human CD4 residues affecting class II MHC versus HIV-1 gp120 binding. |journal=Nature |volume=339 |issue= 6225 |pages= 548–51 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2543930 |doi= 10.1038/339548a0
*cite journal | author=Diamond DC, Sleckman BP, Gregory T, "et al." |title=Inhibition of CD4+ T cell function by the HIV envelope protein, gp120. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=141 |issue= 11 |pages= 3715–7 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2846691 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Andrieu JM, Even P, Venet A |title=AIDS and related syndromes as a viral-induced autoimmune disease of the immune system: an anti-MHC II disorder. Therapeutic implications. |journal=AIDS research |volume=2 |issue= 3 |pages= 163–74 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3489470 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Houlgatte R, Scarmato P, el Marhomy S, "et al." |title=HLA class II antigens and the HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120 bind to the same face of CD4. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=152 |issue= 9 |pages= 4475–88 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7512597 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Shaman J, von Scheven E, Morris P, "et al." |title=Analysis of HLA-DMB mutants and -DMB genomic structure. |journal=Immunogenetics |volume=41 |issue= 2-3 |pages= 117–24 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7528727 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Chirmule N, McCloskey TW, Hu R, "et al." |title=HIV gp120 inhibits T cell activation by interfering with expression of costimulatory molecules CD40 ligand and CD80 (B71). |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=155 |issue= 2 |pages= 917–24 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7541827 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Rowell JF, Stanhope PE, Siliciano RF |title=Endocytosis of endogenously synthesized HIV-1 envelope protein. Mechanism and role in processing for association with class II MHC. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=155 |issue= 1 |pages= 473–88 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7602119 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Sherman MA, Weber DA, Jensen PE |title=DM enhances peptide binding to class II MHC by release of invariant chain-derived peptide. |journal=Immunity |volume=3 |issue= 2 |pages= 197–205 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7648393 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Radley E, Alderton RP, Kelly A, "et al." |title=Genomic organization of HLA-DMA and HLA-DMB. Comparison of the gene organization of all six class II families in the human major histocompatibility complex. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=269 |issue= 29 |pages= 18834–8 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8034636 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Chen YH, Böck G, Vornhagen R, "et al." |title=HIV-1 gp41 binding proteins and antibodies to gp41 could inhibit enhancement of human Raji cell MHC class I and II expression by gp41. |journal=Mol. Immunol. |volume=31 |issue= 13 |pages= 977–82 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8084338 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Fling SP, Arp B, Pious D |title=HLA-DMA and -DMB genes are both required for MHC class II/peptide complex formation in antigen-presenting cells. |journal=Nature |volume=368 |issue= 6471 |pages= 554–8 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8139690 |doi= 10.1038/368554a0
*cite journal | author=Chirmule N, Wang XP, Hu R, "et al." |title=Envelope glycoproteins of HIV-1 interfere with T-cell-dependent B cell differentiation: role of CD4-MHC class II interaction in the effector phase of T cell help. |journal=Cell. Immunol. |volume=155 |issue= 1 |pages= 169–82 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8168144 |doi= 10.1006/cimm.1994.1110
*cite journal | author=Sanderson F, Powis SH, Kelly AP, Trowsdale J |title=Limited polymorphism in HLA-DM does not involve the peptide binding groove. |journal=Immunogenetics |volume=39 |issue= 1 |pages= 56–8 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8225438 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Callahan KM, Rowell JF, Soloski MJ, "et al." |title=HIV-1 envelope protein is expressed on the surface of infected cells before its processing and presentation to class II-restricted T lymphocytes. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=151 |issue= 6 |pages= 2928–42 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8376762 |doi=

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