1170s in England

Events from the 1170s in England.

Incumbents

Monarch - Henry II of England

Events

* 1170
** April - Henry holds an inquiry into the financial dealings of his sheriffs.
** 14 June - Coronation of Henry the Young King, son of Henry II of England, by Roger, Archbishop of York.cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|pages=126–127]
** 22 July - There is a reconciliation between Henry II and Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury, in Fréteval in Western France.
** 21 September - Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke captures Dublin.
** 29 December - Murder of Thomas Becket by four of Henry II's knights Reginald Fitzurse, Hugh de Morville, William de Tracy, and Richard le Breton inside Canterbury Cathedral.
* 1171
** 16 October - Henry II lands in Ireland and declares himself Lord of Ireland.
* 1172
** 17 April - Henry leaves Ireland, having received the support of the Church for his claim.
** 21 May - In Avranches Cathedral, Henry II performs a ceremony of penance for the death of Becket, in return for a papal agreement to clear him of the murder. [cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/middle_ages/becket_05.shtml|title=Becket, the Church and Henry II|accessdate=2007-12-14]
* 1173
** 21 February - Canonisation of Thomas Becket; his tomb becomes a shrine and popular pilgrimage destination.
** March - Beginning of the Revolt of 1173–1174, a dispute between Henry II and three of his sons over the territories they control. William I of Scotland invades the North of England in support of the rebellion.cite book|title=The Oxford Popular History of Britain|last=Morgan|first=Kenneth O.|publisher=Parragon|date=1998|isbn=0-75252-572-7]
* 1174
** 7 April - Richard of Dover enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
** 12 July - Henry II does penance at Canterbury for the murder of Becket.
** 13 July - Battle of Alnwick: William I of Scotland captured after attacking England in support of the revolt.
** 30 September - Treaty of Montlouis: the rebellion of Henry II's sons ends peacefully.
** December - Treaty of Falaise signed between Henry II and William I of Scotland permits William's release in return for homage.
** The choir of Canterbury Cathedral destroyed by fire.
* 1175
** Henry's son, Richard, begins to subjugate remaining rebels against English rule in Aquitaine.
** October - Treaty of Windsor: Henry II recognises Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair as High King of Ireland in return for payment of tribute.
* 1176
** January - The Assize of Northampton passed, making criminal penalties more severe.
** Construction of the first stone-built London Bridge."The London Encyclopaedia", Ben Weinreb & Christopher Hibbert, Macmillan, 1995, ISBN 0-333-57688-8]
* 1177
** Council of Oxford: Henry II grants Cork, Limerick, and Ulster to English barons, and makes his son, John of England, Lord of Ireland.
** 21 September - Pact of Ivry: Non-aggression treaty between England and France, which also lays the foundations for the Third Crusade.
* 1178
** Foundation of the first Carthusian abbey in England, at Witham in Somerset.
* 1179
** April - Establishment of the Grand Assize, using a jury to decide legal claims over property ownership, instead of trial by combat.cite book |last=Palmer |first=Alan & Veronica |year=1992 |title= The Chronology of British History|publisher= Century Ltd|location=London|pages= 69-72|isbn= 0-7126-5616-2]
** Richard completes the subjugation of Aquitaine.
** William the Englishman rebuilds the choir and Trinity Chapel of Canterbury Cathedral after the previous architect, William of Sens, is injured in a fall.

Births

* 1172
** Aubrey de Vere, 2nd Earl of Oxford (died 1214)
** Ranulph de Blondeville, 4th Earl of Chester (died 1232)
* 1175
** Robert Grosseteste, statesman, theologian and bishop (approximate date; died 1253)
* 1176
** Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford (died 1220)
** William de Longespee, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (approximate date; died 1226)
* 1177
** Robert de Ros, baron (died 1226)

Deaths

* 1170
** 29 December — Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury (born c. 1118)
* 1171
** Henry of Blois, bishop of Winchester (born 1111)
* 1173
** Roger de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford (born 1116)
* 1176
** 25 October — William d'Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel, politician (born c. 1109)
** Rosamund Clifford, mistress of Henry II of England (born 1150)
* 1177
** Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk (born 1095)

References

ee also