Ephysteris

Ephysteris
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Division:	Ditrysia
Superfamily:	Gelechioidea
Family:	Gelechiidae
Subfamily:	Gelechiinae
Tribe:	Gnorimoschemini
Genus:	Ephysteris Meyrick, 1908
Type species
Ephysteris chersaea Meyrick, 1908
Diversity
87, but see text
Synonyms
[1] Echinoglossa J.F.G.Clarke, 1965 Epenteris (lapsus) Ephystereris (lapsus) Microcraspedus Janse, 1958 Ochrodia Povolny, 1966 Opacopsis Povolny, 1964 (but see text)

Ephysteris is a genus of the twirler moth family (Gelechiidae). Among these, it is assigned to tribe Gnorimoschemini of the subfamily Gelechiinae. Even though it is a rather diverse and widespread group, most of these small and inconspicuous moths were overlooked by scientists until the early 20th century. Almost 90 species are known today, but new ones are still being discovered.

These moths typically have forewing veins 2 and 3 separate but veins 6-8 originating from a common stalk. Somewhat less characteristically, their labial palps have a pointed tip and a furrow on the second segment.^[2]

Ochrodia and Opacopsis were initially established as subgenera of Ephysteris but elevated to full genus status later. However, this is not universally accepted abd both are included in the present genus here. Microcraspedus is another subgenus of Ephysteris, to which many of the European species are assigned; Echinoglossa is another. But before any of these can be accepted as subgenus or even distinct genus, the internal systematics of Ephysteris sensu lato are in need of review.^[3]

Species

As of 2010, the species of Ephysteris are:^[4]

Ephysteris accentella Ephysteris albocapitella Ephysteris arabiae Ephysteris atalopis Ephysteris aulacopis Ephysteris australiae Ephysteris brachypogon Meyrick, 1937 (type species of Microcraspedus) Ephysteris brachyptera Karsholt & Sattler, 1998 Ephysteris bucolica Ephysteris buvati (Povolny, 1992) Ephysteris cacomicra Ephysteris chersaea Ephysteris chretieni Ephysteris confusa Ephysteris coniogramma Ephysteris cretigena Ephysteris crocoleuca Ephysteris curtipennis Ephysteris cyrenaica Ephysteris delminiliella Ephysteris deserticolella (Staudinger, 1871) Ephysteris despectella Ephysteris dierli Ephysteris diminutella (Zeller, 1847) Ephysteris dispensata Ephysteris eremaula Ephysteris ericnista Ephysteris extorris Ephysteris fanatica Ephysteris ferritincta Ephysteris flavida Povolný, 1969

Ephysteris fluidescens Ephysteris foulonsensis Povolny, 1981 Ephysteris fuscocrossa Ephysteris gallica (Povolny, 1992) Ephysteris hispanica Povolny, 1981 Ephysteris iberica Povolny, 1977 Ephysteris infallax Ephysteris infirma Ephysteris insularis Ephysteris insulella (Heinemann, 1870) Ephysteris insulella praticolella (Christoph 1872) Ephysteris inustella (Zeller, 1847) (type species of Opacopsis)[5] Ephysteris inustella gredosensis (Rebel 1935) Ephysteris jamaicensis Ephysteris juvenilis Ephysteris kasyi Ephysteris leptocentra Ephysteris longicornis J.F.G.Clarke, 1986 Ephysteris lunaki Ephysteris montana H.H.Li & Bidzilya, 2008 Ephysteris monticola Ephysteris neosirota Ephysteris obstans Ephysteris ochrodeta Ephysteris olympica Povolny, 1968 Ephysteris ornata Ephysteris oschophora Ephysteris oxythectis

Ephysteris paraleuca Ephysteris parvula Ephysteris pentamacula Ephysteris petiginella Ephysteris promptella (Staudinger, 1859) Ephysteris pulverea Ephysteris riadensis Ephysteris ruth Ephysteris semiophanes Ephysteris sibila Ephysteris silignitis (Turner, 1919) Ephysteris sirota Ephysteris speciosa Ephysteris suasoria Ephysteris subcaerulea Ephysteris subdiminutella (Stainton, 1867) (type species of Ochrodia) Ephysteris subovata Povolný, 2001 Ephysteris surda Ephysteris synecta Ephysteris tenuisaccus K.Nupponen, 2010 Ephysteris tractatum Ephysteris treskensis Povolny, 1966 Ephysteris tribulivora Ephysteris trinota Clarke, 1965 (type species of Echinoglossa) Ephysteris turgida Ephysteris unica Ephysteris unitella Ephysteris wenquana H.H.Li & Bidzilya, 2008 Ephysteris xanthorhabda Ephysteris zygophyllella

Footnotes

1. ^ Pitkin & Jenkins (2004), ABRS (2010)
2. ^ Clarke (1986)
3. ^ Pitkin & Jenkins (2004a), FE (2011), and see references in Savela (2001)
4. ^ Wikispecies (2010-JUN-16), FE (2011)
5. ^ Some sources give the type species as Gelechia artemisie, but the type specimen was actually of "var. inustella": Pitkin & Jenkins (2004b).

References

• Australian Biological Resources Study (ABRS) (2010): Australian Faunal Directory – Ephysteris. Version of 2010-NOV-18. Retrieved 2011-OCT-17.
• Clarke, John Frederick Gates (1986): Pyralidae and Microlepidoptera of the Marquesas Archipelago. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 416: 1-485. PDF fulltext (214 MB!)
• Fauna Europaea (FE) (2011): Ephysteris. Version 2.4, 2011-JAN-27. Retrieved 2011-OCT-17.
• Pitkin, Brian & Jenkins, Paul (2004a): Butterflies and Moths of the World, Generic Names and their Type-species – Ephysteris. Version of 2004-NOV-05. Retrieved 2011-OCT-17.
• Pitkin, Brian & Jenkins, Paul (2004b): Butterflies and Moths of the World, Generic Names and their Type-species – Opacopsis. Version of 2004-NOV-05. Retrieved 2011-OCT-17.
• Savela, Markku (2001): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms – Ephysteris. Version of 2001-NOV-08. Retrieved 2011-OCT-17.

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